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Chapter 3 Muscular
Chapter 3 Muscular System
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Ab- | prefix that means away or away from |
Ad- | prefix that means toward |
Circum- | prefix that means around |
Dorsi- | prefix that means back |
Par- | prefix that means near, alongside, beyond, abnormal |
Articul/o | combining form that means joint |
Fasci/o | combining form that means fibrous band or fascia |
Flex/o | combining form that means to bend |
My/o | combining form that means muscle |
Tax/o | Combining form that means coordination or order |
-cele | suffix that means hernia, swelling, protrusion |
-dynia | suffix that means pain |
-esthesia | suffix that means sensation |
-paresis | suffix that means weakness |
rrhexis | suffix that means rupture |
adhesion | formation of fibrous band of tissue that holds 2 parts or surfaces together |
ataxia | inability to coordinate voluntary muscle activity |
atrophy | wasting away or shrinkage of muscle size |
fascia | band or sheet of fibrous tissue that encloses a muscle or group of muscles |
flaccidity | state in which the muscles are flabby, relaxed, or have defective or absent tone |
hypertrophy | excessive growth or abnormal enlargement of a muscle |
hypotonia | loss of muscle tone |
myomalacia | abnormal softening of muscle tissue |
myoparesis | weakness or mild muscular paralysis |
myorrhexis | rupture or tearing of the muscle |
myositis | inflammation of a muscle |
sarcopenia | loss of muscle mass, strength, and function as a result of aging |
spasm | involuntary sudden movement or convulsive muscular contraction |
tetany | a state of sustained muscular contraction |
tremor | involuntary, repetitive shaking or quivering |
frontalis | raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead |
trapezius | extends neck, elevates, adducts, rotates the scapula |
deltoid | abducts, flexes, extends, rotates the arm |
bicep brachii | flexes arm and forearm; rotates the hand |
gluteus medius | adducts and rotates the thigh |
biceps femoris | extends the thigh, flexes and rotates the leg |
gastrocnemius | flexes the foot and leg |
sartorius | flexes and rotates the thigh, flexes the leg |
tendon | band of fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone |
fasciitis | inflammation of fascia |
myocele | herniation or protrusion of muscle through a tear in the fascia |
sprain | stretching or tearing of a ligament |
strain | stretching or tearing of a muscle or tendon |
abduction | movement of body part away from midline |
adduction | movement of body part toward the midline |
perimysium | sheath of connective tissue that surrounds bundles of muscle fibers |
hemiplegia | total paralysis of one side of the body |
both ends of the muscle | skeletal muscle is attached to bone at |
tenotomy | incision to a tendon |