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Hutto - sem 1 review

Motion, Matter, Some Energy

QuestionAnswer
When two pure substances are combined so that each of the pure substances retains its own properties, the result is a(n) _____ mixture
All ____ except mercury are solids at room temperature. metals
Qualities of nonmetals brittle, poor conductors, dull
Qualities of metals malleable, ductile, good conductors, shiney
Is matter destroyed during a chemical change? No, it changes form
Describe what happens to a rocket's speed and acceleration as it takes off from Earth. Both speed and acceleration increase.
which phase of matter has a definite shape and volume? solid
Which phase of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape? liquid
Which phase of matter has no definite shape or volume? gas
What do metals conduct well? Heat, Electricity
How do you find the average speed? Total distance divided by time
What has the ability to change the motion of an object? an unbalanced force
What can happen to an object when ia force is applied to it? It can slow down, speed up, or change direction.
What is inertia? Which of Newton's Laws is this? A property of matter where matter resists a change in motion. Newtons's First Law
What is Newton's second law? Force is equal to mass times acceleration (F=ma)
What is Newton's Third Law? Forces alwas act in equal but opposite pairs.
What are the 6 simple machines? Lever, Inclined plane, Screw, Pulley, Wheel & axle, Wedge
A hammer is an example of what simple machine? Lever
A skateboard ramp is an example of what simple machine? Inclined Plane
The cap on a water bottle is an example of what simple machine? Screw
A flag pole uses what simple machine to raise the flag up and down? Pulley
A door knob is an example of what simple machine? Wheel & axel
An ax is an example of what simple machine? Wedge
Define temperature The average kinetic energy of the particles (atoms or molecules) within an object.
Define volume The space that an object takes up.
What is the difference in density of a gold ring and a gold nugget? None. The density of an object is a physical property that is unique to each material.
How do you find the volume of an object using a graduated cylinder? Place the object in a graduated cylinder with a set amount of water (ex. 50mL) and watch how far the water rises. The difference in the volume. (Ex. If the water rises to 64mL, then the volume is 14mL.)
What is the atomic number? The numbe of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Define isotope. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
How is the mass of an atom determined? By the mass of the protons and neutrons.
How do you find the mass number of an element? Adding the mass of the protons and neutrons.
Capable of being extended or shaped by hammering or by pressure from rollers. Malleable
Capable of being drawn out into wire or threads. Ductile
The capacity of an atom or molecule to undergo a chemical reaction with another atom, molecule, or compound. Reactivity
The ability to be ignited. Capacity to burn. Flammability
Specific degree of being toxic or poisonous. Toxicity
What happens to the atomic number and the atomic weights as you move from left to right on the Periodic Table? They both increase
A ______ is when 2 pure substances combine in such a way that each retains its own property. mixture
The law of conservation of matter states that... Matter is neither created or destroyed, it only changes form.
Vegetable soup, salad and a pizza are examples of a _____. Heterogeneous Mixture
A characteristic of matter that allows it to changes its identity (into something new). chemical property
Any change of a material into a new material with different properties is called _____. chemical change
Rusting metal or burning logs are examples of _____. chemical change
A change of state is an example of a _____. physical change
Melting, evaporating or freezing is an example of a __________ change of state
Is tearing, cutting or smashing a physical or chemical change? physical
Color, shape, taste, and density are examples of _______ properties. physical
A proton has a _____ charge. positive
A neutron has a _____ charge. neutral
A electron has a _____ charge. negative
The nucleus of an atom has a _____ charge. positive
Why does the nucleus of an atom have a positive charge? Because of the positively charged protons that make up the nucleus along with the neutral neutrons.
Air, salt water, Koolaid, and steel are examples of a _____ mixture. homogeneous
The emission or movement of heat energy through space or a medium, such as air is called _____. radiation
Heat from the sun is an example of _____. radiation
The transfer of heat energy through a fluid such as air or water is an example of _____. convection
The transfer of heat through touching ( as in the handle of a pot which is heating on the stove) is an example of _____. conduction
Most materials will _____ when heated. expand
What is larger, the atomic mass or number? atomic mass
Where can you find the noble gases on the periodic chart? In the far right column.
Why are the noble gases stable? Because their outer energy level is complete.
What do elements located in the same column of the periodic table have in common? They react similarly.
A measure of how difficult it is to stop a moving object is called _____. Also defined as mass X velocity. momentum
Acceleration involves a change in what? speed or direction
The speed and direction of a moving object is its _____. velocity
A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow is its _____. (For ex. How fast syrup pours compared to water) viscocity
The freezing point of a substance is _____ its melting point. (Ex. What is the freezing point of water? What is the melting point of ice?) equal to
The energy levels of an atom are occupied by ______. electrons
An objects resistance to a change in motion is _____. inertia
The upward force on a falling object is _____. air resistance
When two or more simple machines work together, they are called a _____. compound machine
Created by: jeffrey.hutto
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