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chapter 1
North America
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Borderland | A place where two entities (nations or areas) border each other |
Transition Zone | An area where to adjacent realms or regions join; marked by a gradual shift to distinguish neighboring geographic entities from one another |
Physiographic regions | Geographic areas that share distinct properties like landforms, rock type, and evolutionary history |
Continentality | The farther you are from the ocean the more extreme weather you are bound to get |
Rain shadow effect | A rain shadow is a patch of land that has been forced to become a desert because mountain ranges blocked all plant growing, rainy weather. One side of the mountain rains while the other snows |
Federation | A political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing provinces, states, or other regions under a central federal government |
Aquifer | Underground system for water contained within porous, water-bearing rocks |
Fossil fuel | A natural fuel from coal or gas, formed in geological past from the remains of living organisms |
Urban system | A heirarchical group of urban areas within a finite geographic area, like a country |
American Manufacturing Belt | North Americas rectangular core area, who’s corners are Boston, Milwaukee, St. Louis, Baltimore |
Distribution center | A main focus on economic activity specializing of goods, situated as a major hub on its regional transportation network |
Intermodal connections | Facilities and activities related to the transfer of goods in transit from one transportation to another |
Outer city | The non-central-city portion of the American metropolis |
Deindustrialization | Is the process of social and economic change ignited by the removal or reduction of industrial activity/capacity in an area that was formerly supported by the manufacturing industry. |
Central business district (CBD) | The downtown heart of a central city; marked by highland values |
Information economy | Is an economy with an increased emphasis on informational activities and information industry |
GPS | The orbiting-satellite-based navigation system that provides locational and time information; anywhere near Earth or on Earth requires four or more |
Gentrification | A process where wealthy, college-educated individuals begin to move into poor or working-class communities, often people with color in those communities |
Neighborhood effect | An economic and social science concept that neighborhoods have either direst or indirect effect on individual behaviors |
Residential geography | The distribution of residential populations; this term is mostly used by urban geographers to describe the clustering of various social groups |
Sunbelt | A strip of territory receiving a high amount of sunshine |
Migrations | A change in residence intended to be permanent |
Electoral geography | Is the analysis of the methods, the behavior, and the results of elections in the context of geographic space and using geographical techniques |
Melting pot | A place where a variety of races, cultures, or individuals assimilate into a cohesive while |
First Nations | Is a term used to describe aboriginal people of Canada who are ethnically neither Métis nor Inuit |
World-city | A large city with particularly significant economic linkages that also has a high rating in the global urban system |
Technopole | A planned techno-industrial complex that innovates, promotes, and manufactures the products of the postindustrial information economy |
Pacific Rim | Is the geographic area surrounding the Pacific Ocean; it covers the western shores of North America and South America |
Tar sands | A deposit of sand impregnated with bitumen |
Boreal forests | A forest that grows in regions of the northern hemisphere with cold temperatures; mostly made of cold tolerant coniferous species such as spruce and fir |