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Chapter 1 Vocab
World Geography H: Chapter 1 Vocab: The North American Realm
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Borderland | A linear zone that parallels a political boundary. The most dynamic ones (such as the US-Mexico border) have significant cultural and economic interactions across the boundary that separates them |
| Transition Zone | Where two realms meet, not a sharp boundary. It represents ever-changing zones of regional interaction and change |
| Physiographic Region | A region within which there prevails substantial natural-landscape homogeneity, expressed by a certain degree of uniformity in surface relief, climate, vegetation, and soils |
| Continentality | The further away from the oceans the land is, the more extreme the temperatures can range |
| Rain Shadow Effect | On on side of a high mountain or mountain range, it's fertile because it gets lots of rain, however on the other side, it's not as wet and doesn't get as much rain |
| Federation | Shared power between political divisions within the government |
| Aquifer | An underground reservoir of water contained within a porous, water-bearing rock layer |
| Fossil Fuel | Energy resources formed by the geologic compression and transformation of tiny plant and animal organisms, like coal and natural gasses |
| Urban System | A hierarchical network or grouping of urban areas within a finite geographical area, such as a country |
| American Manufacturing Belt | North America's near-rectangular core area, whose corners are Boston, Milwaukee, St. Louis, and Baltimore |
| Distribution Center | A centralized focus of economic activity specializing in the distribution of goods, situated as a major hub on its regional transportation network |
| Intermodal Connections | Facilities and activities that relate to the transfer of gods in transit from one transportation mode to another (ex: loading containers from ship to a railcar) |
| Outer City | The non-central-city portion of the American metropolis; this is the outer ring of a city and since the late twentieth century, it's no longer called "sub" or "urb" |
| Deindustrialization | The process where companies relocate manufacturing jobs to other regions/countries with chapter labor |
| Central Business District (CBD) | The downtown heart of a central city; marked by high land values, a concentration of business and commerce, and the clustering of the tallest buildings |
| Information Economy | The new, increasingly dominant postindustrial economy that is mainly maturing in highly advanced countries in North America, Europe, and the Pacific Rim. There's a lot more technology use rather than traditional industry workers |
| GPS (global positioning system) | The orbiting-satellite-based navigation system that provides locational and time information anywhere on or near the Earth's surface where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites |
| Gentrification | Upgrading an older residential area through private reinvestment, normally in the downtown area. Normally involves the displacement of established lower-income residents who can't afford the high costs of living |
| Neighborhood Effect | The impact of one's neighborhood on an individual's outlook, aspirations, socialization, and life chances |
| Residential Geography | The spatial distribution of a residential population. The term is most often used by urban geographers to describe the clustering of various social groups into the neighborhoods that form the residential fabric of cities and suburbs |
| Sunbelt | A popular name given to the southern tier of the USA, anchored by the mega-States of California, Texas, and Florida. They have warmer climates, more recreational opportunities, and other things that attract lots of relocating people since the 1960s. |
| Migration | A change in residence intended to be permanent |
| Electoral Geography | The spatial distribution of political preferences as expressed in voting behavior for politic parties and/or candidates. The mapping of election results is the foundation of electoral geography |
| Melting Pot | A characterization of American society as a blend of numerous immigrant ethnic groups that over time assimilated into a single social mainstream. |
| First Nations | The name given to Canada's indigenous peoples of American descent, whose US counterparts are called Native Americans |
| World-City | A large city with particularly significant international linkages that also has a high ranking in the global urban system. Some include London, NYC, and Tokyo. |
| Technopole | A planned techno-industrial complex (like the Silicon Valley) that innovates, promotes, and manufactures the products of the postindustrial information economy |
| Pacific Rim | A group of countries and components of countries that ALL: face the Pacific Ocean, exhibit relatively high levels of economic development, industrialization and urbanization, and their imports and exports mainly move across Pacific waters |
| Tar Sands | The main source of oil from non-liquid petroleum reserves. The oil is mixed with sand and require massive open-pit mining, which is also costly, to extract it. The largest deposits are in the northeast of Canada's province of Alberta |
| Boreal Forest | The subarctic snow forest, mostly coniferous, that blankets Canada south of the tundra that lines the Arctic shore. Also known as the taiga in Russia. |
Created by:
pl251301
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