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Intro to Science

Introduction to Science Vocabulary

TermDefinition
observations Information gathered by noticing facts and occurrences using your five senses.
inferences Educated guesses based on observations made and/or from prior knowledge/experiences.
data Facts, figures, and other evidence gathered through observations. There are two types of data: quantitative and qualitative.
qualitative data Information describing color, odor, shape, or some other physical characteristic. You use your 5 senses for this and no numbers!
quantitative data Data that is based on measuring or counting. Involves numbers!
Question/Problem Scientists think of a problem they want to solve and phrase it in the form of a question. The question must be testable!
Hypothesis A hypothesis is an educated guess based on your prior knowledge and research.
Experiment Perform a proper experiment to test your question. A proper experiment can only change one thing at a time! Record observations throughout the experiment. This is your data!
Interpret/Analyze Data You look at the data and try to notice patterns and figure out what the data tells you. Data is information that is gathered from your observations.
Conclusion A summary of what you have learned by performing your experiment. You should use your DATA from the experiment TO SUPPORT YOUR ANSWER!
Repeat Repeating the experiment is important so you know that your results were not a random occurrence. For it to be proven, the pattern of the results should repeat time after time. If this happens, we can call the result a scientific theory.
Independent Variable The one thing you change in an experiment.
Dependent Variable The things you measure in the experiment.
Constants The things you keep the same in the experiment
Control or control group A group or setup used as a standard for comparison.
Properties characteristics used to describe an object or substance
Model a representation of an idea or process. All models have limitations.
Scientific law Describes the pattern of what happens.
Scientific theory Describes how or why something happens.
Science The process of identifying patterns in nature and developing explanations of how and why those patterns exist. The study of the natural world.
Asking questions and defining problems Starts with a question about the natural world, but the questions must be answered by using evidence.
Planning and carrying out investigations Collect evidence through carefully planned investigations. Sometimes the investigations are experiments, but sometimes evidence is just collected through careful observations.
Analyzing and interpreting data Scientists must analyze their data to identify patterns and make sense of what the data means.
Developing and using models Models are representations of ideas or processes. All models have limitations.
Using mathematics and computational thinking As scientists analyze data and develop models, they often use math to show the relationships between different variables.
Constructing explanations The goal in all branches of science is to construct explanations of how and why things happen in the natural world. Scientific explanations must be supported by evidence, and the more evidence we have, the more confidence we have in an explanation.
Engaging in argument from evidence Explanations develop as scientists form arguments about, or debate, the meaning of evidence and how well evidence supports certain claims.
Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information Scientific explanations are accepted by the scientific community only after they are shared, critiqued, and determined to be supported by evidence.
Created by: kdidonna
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