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Neuro/Psych IV-V

NEUROLOGICAL AND PSYCHIATRIC DISEASE 4-5

Generic NameBrand NamePharmacological CategoryCommon IndicationsKey Side EffectsUS Boxed WarningsOther Notes
levetiracetam (PO, IV) Keppra Anticonvulsant Seizure disorders somnolence, dizziness, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, ataxia, weakness
zonisamide (PO) Zonegram Anticonvulsant Seizure disorders somnolence, dizziness, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, ataxia, weakness
oxcarbazepine Trileptal Anticonvulsant Seizure disorders somnolence, dizziness, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, ataxia, weakness, hyponatremia
phenobarbital (PO, IM, IV) Anticonvulsant Seizure disorders somnolence, dizziness
phenytoin (PO, IV) Dilantin Anticonvulsant Seizure disorders somnolence, dizziness, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism narrow therapeutic index drug (toxicity may occur at concentrations close to therapeutic range; therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended)
primidone (PO) Mysoline Anticonvulsant Seizure disorders somnolence, dizziness, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, ataxia
gabapentin (PO) Neurontin Anticonvulsant Seizure disorders, neuropathic pain somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, fatigue, diplopia, xerostomia, blurry vision
pregabalin (PO) Lyrica Anticonvulsant Seizure disorders, neuropathic pain somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, fatigue, diplopia, xerostomia, blurry vision
lamotrigine (PO) Lamictal Anticonvulsant Seizure disorders, bipolar disorder nausea, vomiting, somnolence, skin rash risk of serious dermatologic reactions, including SJS
topiramate (PO) Topamax Anticonvulsant Seizure disorders, migraine prophylaxis somnolence, dizziness, diplopia, ataxia, memory impairment, weight loss
buspirone (PO) Buspar Antianxiety agent Anxiety dizziness, drowsiness, nausea
alprazolam (PO) Xanax Benzodiazepine Anxiety daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal ISMP-high alert medication parenteral formulation contains propylene glycol and may be associated with toxicity if used ≥ 48 hours
clonazepam (PO) Klonopin Benzodiazepine Anxiety, seizure disorders daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal ISMP-high alert medication parenteral formulation contains propylene glycol and may be associated with toxicity if used ≥ 48 hours
diazepam (PO, IV) Valium Benzodiazepine Anxiety, seizure disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal ISMP-high alert medication parenteral formulation contains propylene glycol and may be associated with toxicity if used ≥ 48 hours
lorazepam (PO, IV) Ativan Benzodiazepine Anxiety, seizure disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal ISMP-high alert medication parenteral formulation contains propylene glycol and may be associated with toxicity if used ≥ 48 hours
midazolam (IV) Versed Benzodiazepine Anesthesia, sedation daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal ISMP-high alert medication parenteral formulation contains propylene glycol and may be associated with toxicity if used ≥ 48 hours
temazepam (PO) Restoril Benzodiazepine Anxiety, insomnia daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal ISMP-high alert medication parenteral formulation contains propylene glycol and may be associated with toxicity if used ≥ 48 hours
eszopiclone (PO) Lunesta Hypnotic Insomnia decreased ability to function the next morning, somnolence, headache, dizziness, xerostomia serious injuries, including death, have occurred because of complex sleep behaviors (e.g., sleepwalking, sleep driving, and engaging in other activities while not fully awake); contraindicated in patients with history of complex sleep behaviors
zolpidem (PO) Ambien, Ambien CR, Intermezzo Hypnotic Insomonia decreased ability to function the next morning, somnolence, headache, dizziness, xerostomia, anterograde amnesia serious injuries, including death, have occurred because of complex sleep behaviors (e.g., sleepwalking, sleep driving, and engaging in other activities while not fully awake); contraindicated in patients with history of complex sleep behaviors
propofol (IV) Diprivan Sedative, anticonvulsant Sedation for mechanical ventilation for procedural anesthesia, status epilepticus hypotension, hypertriglyceridemia, propofol-related infusion syndrome (rare) ISMP-high alert medication
dexmedetomidine (IV) Precedex Alpha2 agonist, sedative Sedation for mechanical ventilation or procedures bradycardia, hypotension ISMP-high alert medication
carbamazepine (PO) Tegretol Anticonvulsant Seizure disorders, bipolar disorder dizziness, drowsiness, headache, ataxia, nausea, vomiting, hyponatremia risk of serious dermatologic reactions (including SJS and TEN) in patients with certain genetic predisposition (presence of HLA-B*1502 allele); may cause aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis
divalproex (valproic acid derivative) (PO) Depakote, Depakote ER, Depakene Anticonvulsant Seizure disorders, bipolar disorder, migraine prophylaxis drowsiness, weight gain, tremor, hair loss, thrombocytopenia may cause hepatic failure resulting in fatality; may cause life-threatening pancreatitis; fetal toxicity (pregnancy category X for migraines and category D for seizures/bipolar disorder)
Created by: lnduta
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