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Human S&F

CNS & brain

QuestionAnswer
Superior is above
Inferior is away from head/ under
posterior is towards the back
anterior is towards the front
Central Nervous System CNS brain, spinal cord control center
Peripheral Nervous System PNS the nervous system outside the brain & spinal cord sensory afferent division motor or efferent division communication lines linking body back to CNS
Afferent Nerves Input info into CNS, sends info to PNS
Efferent Nerves output impulses from CNS to limbs & organs
Nervous System mother board of the body (electrical wiring)
Somatic nervous system Motor neurons, skeletal muscle conscious control
Autonomic nervous system Sympathetic NS/ Parasympathetic NS/ smooth muscle/ cardiac muscle/ glands. involuntary
Sympathetic NS Fight or flight
Parasympathetic NS relax, chill
action potential nerve impulses in nerve fibers to muscles, polarity change across plasma membrane stimulates neurons
3 functions of CNS Sensory input integration/control center motor output/ effector gland
Primary Somatosensory Cortex resides in Parietal lobe. receives sensory input from receptors in skin & proprioception in skin, muscles, joints
Regions of the brain Frontal Temporal Parietal Occipital Insula
white matter myelinated axon
grey matter unmyelinated axon (cortex)
thalamus manage emotions- part of the Diecephalon region of brain
hypothalamus control center- responsible for homeostasis. Part of Diecephalon region of brain
Epithalamus contains Pineal Gland- secrets melatonin- sleep. regulation of motor pathways & emotion. part of the Diecephalon region of brain
Regions of brain forebrain- Prosencephalon midbrain- Mesencephalon hindbrain- Rhombencephalon
cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles, bathes the CNS fills subarachnoid space between arachnoid & pia matter
ventricles of the brain lateral (cerebrum, cerebral hemisphere, cortex w matter & basal nuclei) third- (thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus & retina) fourth- (brain stem: pons & cerebellum) fourth- (brain stem: medulla oblongata)
cerebral hemispheres L & R- 83% of total brain mass responsible for complex skills- memory, speech, emotions gyri sulci fissures
primary motor cortex cerebral hemisphere skilled voluntary movement (walk, run, ride)
Vestibular Cortex adjacent to parietal lobe conscious awareness of balance
limbic system either side of hypothalamus. motivation, emotion, learning & memory
reticular formation maintains levels of alertness & sleep
meninges (membrane) covers CNS dura matter arachnoid space pia matter
Created by: mamatam
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