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IPC Unit 1 Matter

IPC Unit 1 Learning Statements

TermDefinition
Solids Definite Volume and Definite Shape ; molecules are tightly packed
Solids Least amount of energy compared to liquids/gases and the least amount of particle motion compared to liquids/gases that move slower
Liquids Definite Volume and Indefinite Shape
Liquids Less energy than a gas and more energy than a solid; lower particle energy than a gas and more particle motion than a solid
Gases Indefinite volume and Indefinite shape
Gases Gas particles have the greatest amount of energy compared to solids/liquids and the greatest particle motion which move faster
Temperature measure of particle motion
Higher Temperature cause greater particle motion and move more quickly
Water Found in all three phases with the same chemical composition but has different densities, ice has a greater volume because molecules spread out in a crystal shape
Density Mass divided by volume; remains the same no matter the size of an object
Salt Water Density more dense than freshwater because it has more solutes dissolved in the solution
Matter changes phases when temperature is heated or cooled but remains the same type of matter; physical change
Physical Changes do not cause a change in atom arrangement
Physical Change Examples Eating Ice , Biting an Apple, Freezing Water, Absorbing Water Molecules
Chemical Changes causes rearrangement of atoms producing a new substance
Chemical Change Examples Combustion of Gasoline, Cooking Food, Digestion of Food, Production of Gas
Density of Water 1.0 gram/milliliter (1.0g/mL); Objects with a density greater than 1.0 g/mL sink in water while objects with a density less than 1.0 g/mL float in water
Energy Increases energy increases as substances change from solid to liquid and liquid to gas
Energy Decreases energy decreases as substances change from gas to liquid and liquid to soild
Temperature increase causes faster particle motion
Temperature decrease causes slower particle motion
Viscosity a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow
Phase Changes change in the movement of molecules from solid, liquid, or gas; dependent on temperature (absorption or release of energy)
Phase Changes Energy is released as substances move from gas to liquid to solid Energy is absorbed as substances move from solid to liquid to gas
Phase Changes Atoms are moving more in gases and moving the least amount in solids
Water polar molecule due to the uneven sharing of electrons; known as the universal solvent
Adhesion water attaches to other substances due to the polarity of water molecules
Cohesion water attaches to other water molecules due to the polarity of water molecules
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