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1513 Ch 8 positioing
RTE 1513 Chp 8 positioning review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which two bony landmarks need to be palpated for hip localization | ASIS, Symphysis pubis |
| To achieve a true AP position of the proximal femur, the lower limb must be rotated ________. | 15-20* internally |
| Method one to locate the femoral head | Find the mid point between the ASIS and symphysis pubis. Neck 2.5 inches and the head is 1.5 inches distal at right angles |
| Method two to locate the femoral head | Locate ASIS, Go 1-2 inches medial and 3-4 inches distal to the ASIS |
| Which structures on an AP pelvis or hip radiograph indicate whether the proximal head and neck are in position for a true AP projection | Lesser trochanters slightly or not visible |
| Which physical sign may indicate that a patient has a hip fracture | external rotation of effected leg |
| Which projection should be taken first reviewed by a radiologist before attempting to write the hip into a lateral position (if trauma is suspected) | AP Pelvis |
| what is the advantage of using 90kV rather than 80kV range for hip and pelvis studies on younger patients | It reduces the patient dose by 30% |
| What is the disadvantage of using 90kV for hip and pelvis studies,especially on older patients with some bone mass loss | Decreases contrast, bones my appear to gray |
| Common clinical indication for performing pelvic and hip exam on a pediatric patient | Developmental dsyplasia of hip (DDH) |
| Which imaging modality is most sensitive in diagnosing early signs of metastatic carcinoma of the pelvis | Nuclear medicine |
| A degenerative joint disease | Osteoarthritis |
| Most common fracture in older patients because of high incidence of osteoporosis or avascular necrosis | Proximal hip fracture |
| A malignant tumor of the cartilage hip | Chondrosarcoma |
| A disease producing extensive calcification of the longitudinal ligament of the spinal column | Ankylosing spondylitis |
| A fracture resulting form a severe blow to one side of the pelvis | Pelvic ring fracture |
| Malignancy spread to bone via the circulatory and lymphatic systems or direct invasion | Metastatic carcinoma |
| Now referred to as developmental dysplasia of the hip | Congenital dislocation |
| Which of the following modalities will best demonstrate a possible pelvic ring fracture | CT |
| Both joints must be included on an _____ and ____ projection of the femur even if a fracture of the proximal femur is evident | AP, lateral |
| Where is the central ray placed for an AP pelvis projection | Midway between ASIS and symphysis pubis |
| Which ionization chambers should be activated when using automatic exposure control for an AP pelvis projection | Upper right and left chambers |
| Which specific positioning error is present when the left iliac wing is elongated on an AP pelvis radiograph | Rotation in that direction (left) |
| Which positioning error is present when the left obturator foramen is more open than the right side on an AP pelvis projection | Rotation in the direction to the right |
| Used for patients with traumatic or non-traumatic injuries: Danelius-miller | Traumatic |
| Used for patients with traumatic or non-traumatic injuries: Unilateral frog-leg | Non-traumatic |
| Used for patients with traumatic or non-traumatic injuries: Modified Cleaves (bilateral frog-leg) | Non-traumatic |
| Used for patients with traumatic or non-traumatic injuries: Clements-Nakayama | Traumatic |
| Used for patients with traumatic or non-traumatic injuries:Anterior pelvic bones | Traumatic |
| which projection is recommended to demonstrate the superoposterior wall of the acetabulum | PA axial oblique |
| How many degrees are the femurs abducted (from the vertical plane) for the bilateral frog-leg projection | 40-45* |
| where is the central ray placed for a unilateral frog-leg projection | midfemoral neck |
| which cassette size should be used for an adult bilateral frog-leg projection | 14x17 crosswise |
| Where is the central ray placed for an AP bilateral frog-leg projection | 1 inch superior of the symphysis pubis |
| Which central ray angle is required for the outlet projection (Taylor method) for a female patient | 30-40* cephalad |
| Which type of pathologic feature is best demonstrated with the Judet method | Acetabular fractures |
| How much obliquity of the body is required for the Judet method | 45* |
| what type of CR angle is used for a PA axial oblique (Teufel) projection | 12* cephalad |
| How is the pelvis (body) positioned for a PA axial oblique (Teufel) projection | PA 35*-40* toward affected side |
| The axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection is designed for ______ situations | Trauma |
| How is the unaffected leg positioned for the axiolateral hip projection | Flexed and thigh near vertical |
| The modified axiolateral requires the CR to be angled _____ posteriorly from horizontal | 15-20* |
| Which special projection of the hip demonstrates the anterior and posterior rims of the acetabulum and the ilioischial and iliopubic columns | Posterior oblique pelvis (Judet method) |
| Axiolateral (inferosuperior) | Danelius-miller |
| Modified axiolateral | Clements-nakayama |
| Bilateral or unilateral frog-leg | Modified cleaves |
| PA axial oblique for acetabulum | Teufel |
| AP axial for pelvic "outlet" bones | Taylor |
| Posterior oblique for acetabulum | Judet |
| What is the optimal amount of hip abduction applied for the unilateral "frog-leg" protection to demonstrate the femoral neck without distortion | 20-30* from vertical |
Created by:
Joker71
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