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Photography

Fundamentals of Photography

TermDefinition
Aperture The size of the opening of the lens determines how much light exposes the film or digital sensor.
Exposure This is achieved when the camera operator reproduce the scene as the eyes see it. If the picture is darker than it is underexposed. If the picture is brighter then it is overexposed.
Depth of Field This is the area (amount) of the visual information that is in focus.
ISO International Standards Organization: Film Speed is how quickly the film or sensor reacts to light.
ASA American Standards Association: Film Speed is how quickly the film or sensor reacts to light.
EI Exposure Index: Film Speed is how quickly the film or sensor reacts to light.
Photography Writing light is the translation of the Greco-Roman roots, photo meaning light and graph meaning write.
Grain This is caused by shooting in dim light using a fast shutter speed.
Film Speed This is how quickly the film or sensor reacts to light. A fast speed such as 1600 or 3200 doesn't need much light to get proper exposure, but a slow speed such as 100 - 400 needs more light to get proper exposure.
Shutter Speed This is measured in seconds and fraction of seconds: 60 (1/60 ) exposes the film or sensor to light for 1/60 of a second.
Motion Blur This occurs when the subject is moving and the slow shutter speed records the movement. There is more motion blur when the subject crosses the film plane rather than moving toward or away from it.
Stop Action This occurs when the subject is moving and the fast shutter speed records a freeze frame of the motion. In other words, the motion is not detected due to the fast shutter.
White Balance This is how the camera reproduces the color of white under various lighting conditions. Ideally it should reproduce it as the eyes see it.
Color Temperature It is measured in Kelvin, named after British physicist and natural philosopher Lord Kelvin who introduced the asolute scale of temperature. Different times of day/different indoor lighting have different color temperatures.
Created by: Cheryl K Lee
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