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Ch 11 math terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anticoagulant | substance that stops or delays the clotting of blood |
| high-alert medications | medications that have a higher risk of causing significant harm to a patient if dosed or used incorrectly |
| international unit / Unit | a specific unit of measurement used for biologicals; describes a standard amount of an individual drug that can produce a given biologic effect specific to that drug alone; a measurement of a medication's action as opposed to it's weight; units of one substance are not equivalent to the same number of units of another substance |
| Patent | open and unobstructed as in IV lines or blood vessels |
| medications such as heparin, insulin, and penicillin | measured in international units |
| also measured in units | fat-soluble vitamin E, some forms of Vitamins A and D, and topical antibiotic bacitracin |
| parenteral medications in units | labels display the specific number of units per milliliter |
| True/False Unit amounts are not interchangeable between different medications | True each medication unit is SPECIFIC to the drug ordered and represents a standard amount of that particular medication that produces a desired biologic effect |
| insulin and heparin | are considered high-alert medications on the ISMP List of High-Alert Medications |
| unit measurement | gives the information concerning the strength of medication in a given drug form, such as volume for liquids |
| insulin U-100 | 100 units / mL |
| insulin | prescribed and measured in units |
| U-100 insulin syringes | are used to administer U-100 insulin only *NO OTHER SYRINGE IS BASED IN UNITS FOR U-100 INSULIN |
| in an insulin emergency | a tuberculin syringe can be used for U-100 insulins because it is also calibrated in hundredths of milliliters |
| U-500 insulin syringes | only for use with U-500 insulin |
| sizes available for insulin syringes of U-100 | 30-unit, 50-unit, and 100-unit sizes |
| 30-unit and 50-unit U-100 syringes | calibrated in 1 unit measurements to make it easier to see for patients with vision problems |
| an abbreviation of "R" for regular insulin | indicates it is a clear solution and is short-acting |
| an abbreviation of "N" for NPH insulin | indicates it is a cloudy suspension and is intermediate-acting with a slower onset and a longer duration of action |
| all insulin formulations | can be administered subcutaneously |
| only regular insulin and some rapid-acting analogs | are indicated for IV use |
| when mixing two types of insulin in one syringe for subcutaneous administration | one must be clear short- or rapid-acting insulin and the other a cloudy longer-acting suspension |
| rule when drawing up two different types of insulin in one syringe for subcutaneous administration | draw up clear before cloudy (so regular must be drawn up in a syringe before NPH, which is a suspension) |
| True/False Different sources of insulin cannot be mixed in the same syringe | True If different types of insulin need to be administered at the same time, the same source of the insulin, such as DNA or recombinant sources, must be used together |
| Lantus and Levemir | are two long-acting insulins that can NEVER be mixed with any other type of insulin |
| 70/30 | means that in each dose of insulin, 70% is NPH insulin and 30% is regular insulin |
| doses for heparin | highly individualized based on body weight and blood coagulation laboratory values |
| since heparin prolongs bleeding time, the time it takes to clot | accuracy is of the utmost importance |
| a dose of heparin that is larger than necessary | may cause hemorrhage |
| an insufficient dose of heparin | may not produce the necessary results to prevent clot formation and possible thrombi |
| heparin doses should be administered | using 1-mL tuberculin syringes for the greatest accuracy |
| example of a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) measured in units | Fragmin / dalteparin |
| example of a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) measured in mg | Lovenox / enoxaparin |
| LMWH | do not have the short half-life of heparin and are administered subcutaneously |
| heparin is available in | 10 units/mL (pediatric heparin lock flush), 100 units/mL (heparin lock flush), 1000 units/mL, 5000 units/mL, 10,000 units/mL, and 20,000 units/mL |
| heparin | may be used as a flush for an IV injection site to keep it patent, as an IV infusion additive, or as a deep subcutaneous injection into fatty tissue |
Created by:
DbaileyC
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