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Forces and Motion
Vocabulary terms for the Forces and Motion Unit
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acceleration | the change in an object's velocity over time; an object accelerates if its speed, direction, or both change |
| Acceleration due to gravity | gravity pulls on ALL objects near the earth's surface with the same acceleration; 9.8 m/s2 |
| Balanced Force | occurs when two forces acting in opposite directions on an object are equal in size; results in no change in motion; net force of 0 Newtons (N) |
| Unbalanced Force | occurs when two forces acting on an object are not equal in size; results in a change in motion |
| Displacement | change in the position of an object |
| Distance | the length between two points; how far an object moves or travels |
| Drag | the friction between a solid object and a liquid or a gas |
| Force | a push or pull exerted on an object; have strength (magnitude) and direction; measured in Newtons (N); F = ma |
| Friction | a force that opposes motion; works in the opposite direction of a moving object; applies to solids only |
| static friction | no movement occurring due to high resistance force. Net force is 0 Newtons. |
| Gravity | a force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses and distances from each other; the larger the mass of the objects, the larger its gravitational force |
| Inertia | the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion |
| Mass | a measure of the amount of matter in an object |
| Newton's 1st Law of Motion | An object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force (Inertia) |
| Newton's Second Law of Motion | The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied. (Momentum) |
| Newton's Third Law of Motion | For every action there is an equal, but opposite, reaction (Net force) |
| Momentum | a quality defined as the product of the mass and the velocity of an object; transferred from one body to another |
| Motion | the movement of an object relative to a reference point |
| Net Force | the combined result of all forces acting on an object |
| Newton (N) | the metric unit for measuring force |
| Position | the location where someone or something has been placed |
| Reference Point | a place or object used for comparison to see if motion has occurred |
| Speed | the magnitude in which an object moves |
| Spring Scale | instrument used to measure the weight of an object in Newtons (N) |
| Time | the measured or measurable period during which an action, process, or condition exists or continues |
| Velocity | the speed and direction of an object |
| Newton's Laws of Motion | three laws that explain the motion of objects |
| Weight | a measure of the gravitational force exerted on the object; its value can change with the location of the object in the universe; measured in Newtons (N) |
| Rolling Friction | force of resistance that slows down a rolling object. Minimizes friction between two surfaces; weakest type of friction |
| Sliding Friction | force of resistance between two bodies that are in sliding contact with one another |
Created by:
Mr. Shubert
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