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Session 2 Pharm6
Pharm -6- Intro to ANS & cholinergics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Branch of nervous system that regulates smooth muscle and viscera and exocrine gland secretions | ANS |
| Branch of nervous system that regualtes motor nerves that innervate skeletal muscle | somatic |
| What is the nerve track arrangement in the ANS | two neurons arranged in series with a ganglion in between |
| How is the nerve track of the somatic different from the ANS | somatic a single motor neuron relays infromation from brain to muscle. ANS neurons are in series with a ganglia in between |
| What cranial nerves are part of the ANS | 3(eye), 7(lacrimal gland), 9(Salivary gland), and 10 (Heart, Lung and Uppper GI) |
| What are the sympathetic actions on the eye | Contraction of iris radial muscle which DILATES PUPIL |
| What is the parasympathetic action on the eye | contracts iris sphincter muscle and ciliary muscles for PUPIL CONTRACTION and lens accomodation for near vision |
| What does SNS do to trachea and bronchioles | Dilates them |
| What does PSNS do to trachea and bronchioles | Constricts and increases secretions |
| What does SNS do to Adrenal Medulla | stimulates secretion of epi and norepi |
| What does SNS do to kidney | affects secretion of Renin (beta 1 increases, alpha 1 decreases) |
| What does SNS do to male genitalia | stimulates ejaculation |
| What does SNS do to salicary gland | makes thick viscid secretion |
| What does SNS do to heart | increases rate & contractility |
| What does SNS do to GI tract | Decreases motility and tone and Contracts sphincters |
| What does SNS do to female genitalia | relaxation of uterus |
| What does SNS do to blood vessels in the skin, mucous membranes and splanchnic area | Constricts them |
| What does the PSNS do to salivary glands | makes copious watery secretion |
| What does the PSNS do to Ureters and Bladder | contacts detrusor and relaxation of trigone and sphincter |
| What does the PSNS do to male genitalia | stimulates erection |
| What does the PSNS do to GI tract | Increased motility and tone |
| What does the PSNS do to heart | decreases rate & contractility |
| What does the PSNS do to blood vessels in skeletal muscle | dilation |
| What does the PSNS do to lacrimal gland | stimulates tears |
| What does the SNS do to ureters and bladder | relaxes detrusor contracts trigone and sphincter |
| what is the neurotransmitter for the preganglionic neuron at the glanglion in the SNS and what is it in the PSNS | ACh in both SNS and PSNS |
| What is the neurotransmitter from the postganglionic neuron onto the effector organ in the SNS and what is it in the PSNS | SNS- nor epi PSNS- ACh |
| What branch of the ANS the SNS or the PSNS controls thermoregulatory sweat glands and why is this control different | SNS- unusual because the postganglionic SNS neuron releases ACh instead of Nor Epi, The receptors in the sweat glands are Muscarinic |
| What type of receptor is found on the postganglionic neuron cell body at the ganglion | Nicotinic receptor |
| What type of receptor is found on the effector organ of PSNS neuron junction | Muscarinic Receptors |
| What type of receptor is found on the effector organ of SNS neuron juction | adrenergic receptors |
| What type of receptor is found at effector organ of somatic neuron juctions | Nicotinic Receptor |
| What are the two types of Acetylcholine receptors | Muscarinic and Nicotinic |
| Where do you find Nicotinic receptors generally | peripheral neuronal ganglion, skeletal muscle and central neuronal nicotinic. |
| Which muscarinic subtypes are excitatory and which are inhibitory | odds= excitatory M1, M3, and M5 Evens= Inhibitory M2, and M4 |
| What are the effects of the odd excitatory muscarinic receptors | activate Gq pathway activating PLC which increases IP3, DAG, Ca++, and PKC |
| What are the effects of the even inhibitory muscarinic receptors | activates a Gi/Go pathway that inhibits AC, decreasing cAMP, leading to hyperpolarization and inhibition of VGCC |
| Signal Transduction receptors are generally what type of receptor | Nicotinic Ligand gated Ion Channels |
| Where is the primary location of Alpha ! adrenergic receptors | Post junctional Smooth muscle |
| Where is the prmary location of Alpha 2 adrenergic receptors | Presynaptic neurons, post synaptic tissues (ocular and adipose), inestinal, hepatic, renal, endocrine and blood platelets |
| Where is the primary location of Beta 1 adrenergic receptors | Heart |
| Where is the primary location of Beta 2 adrergic receptors | bronchial, uterine, and vasualr smooth muscle causing relaxation |
| Where is the primary loaction of Beta 3 adrenergic receptors | Adipose tissue causing lipolysis |
| Which adrenergic receptor activates a Gq pathway stimulating PLC, and the IP3 DAG pathway | Alpha 1 |
| Which adrenergic receptor activates a Gi pathway inhibiting Adenylcyclase leading to decreased cAMP and Ca++ and increasing K+ influx | Alpha 2 |
| Which adrenergic receptor activates a Gs pathway stimulating Adenylcyclase leading to and increase in cAMP, Ca++ | Beta 1 |
| Which adrenergic receptor activates a Gs pathway stimulating Adenylcyclase increasing cAMP, and K+ EFFLUX | Beta 2 |
| What is another name for constrictor pupillae | Eye sphincter muscle |
| What is another name for dilator pupillae | Radial Muscle |
| What are the INTRAoccular muscles | constrictor pupillae, dilator pupillae, ciliary muscle, ciliary epithelium & blood supply |
| What are the type of receptors and innervation of constrictor pupillae | PSNS innervation with M3/M2 receptors |
| What are the type of receptors and innervation of dilator pupillae | SNS innervation with Alpha 1 receptors |
| What are the type of receptors and innervation of ciliary muscle | PSNS with M3/M2 and SNS with Beta 2 receptors |
| What are the receptor types and innervation of ciliary epithelium and blood supply | SNS alpha and beta receptors and muscarinic receptors |
| what does mydriasis mean | Dilation of the pupil |
| What does miosis of the pupil mean | pupil constricts |
| which branch of the ANS causes mydriasis and how does it cause this | SNS- increasing sympathetic tone causing contraction of radial (dilator pupillae) muscle via Alpha 1 receptor |
| which branch of the ANS causes miosis and how does it cause this | PSNS- increase in parasympathetic tone causing contraction of sphincter (constrictor puplillae) muscle via M3/M2 receptors |
| What is accommodation | changing the shpae of the lens to focus images on the retina Rounder lens near vision, Far vision flatter lens |
| What branch of the ANS mostly controls accommodation | PSNS- via M3/M2 receptors on ciliary muscle |
| What branch of the ANS mostly controls production of Aqueous humor | SNS via Apha 1 and Alpah 2 which reduces blood flow reducing humor production B2 relaxes blood vessels increasing humor production |
| What type of adrenergic receptor is found in the lungs | Beta Adrenergic |
| Where does the right vagus nerve innervate on the heart and where does the Left vagus nerve innervate | Right innervates- SA node Left innervates- AV node |
| What type of adrenergic recptor is more prevelant on the heart | B1 is more prevelant than Beta 2 |
| What type of PSNS receptor is more prevelant on the heart | M2 is more prevelant than M3 |
| Review slide 33 | Review slide 33 |
| In SNS control of urinary bladder which receptor causes relaxation of detrusor and which receptor leads to contraction of trigone and sphincter and increases motility and tone of the ureter | B2 relaxes detrusor and Alpha 1 contracts trigone and sphincter and increases motility and tone of ureters |
| In PSNS control of urinary bladder which receptor type is more prevalent and what is it effect | M3 more prevalent than M2 and causes contraction of Detrusor and relaxation of trigone and sphincter |
| Review slide 43 and 44 | review slide 43 and 44 |
Created by:
smaxsmith
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