The number of drones you can fly simultaneously.

The maximum height you can fly AGL or above a taller building within a 400-foot radius.

The lightest drone that must be registered.

Heaviest legal drone (must be less than, not equal to, 55 lbs).

The time that must pass since you have had alcohol.

The maximum time you can take to file an FAA accident report.

The time you have to notify the FAA if you move.

The lead time required when requesting an FAA waiver.

Time that must pass after a final narcotics conviction.

The youngest person who can register a drone.

How long this certification is good for.

The twilight time before sunrise or after sunset when you can still fly.

The distance your anti-collision lights must be visible from when flying during twilight. Also the minimum visibility you must have while flying.

Minimum number of feet below a cloud you must fly.

Minimum number of feet horizontally from a cloud you must fly.

The repair cost of accident damage that requires you to report an accident to the FAA (not including damage to the drone)

The “serious injury” AIS level that requires you to file an accident report.

The MULTICOM frequency for self-announce procedures.

The distance you should operate from a tower to avoid hitting guy wires.

Occurs when the wing exceeds its critical angle of attack.

Center of Gravity (CG) Limits

Supposed to be defined in the Pilot’s Operating Handbook or UAS Flight Manual, but those don’t exist for drones.

Determines when the craft stalls. This doesn’t change if the vehicle weight changes.

This is the answer to any question about who is responsible.

Aircraft always turn left when circling a runway, because drivers sit on the left side of the car in the US, and pilots sit on the left of the plane, too. It’s easier for them to look out the left window to see the tower.

You’re supposed to have one, even though most drones can’t be user-repaired and don’t provide a schedule.

Helps to prevent an accident chain.

Crew Resource Management (CRM)

It’s how you manage your “crew” and you should integrate it into all phases of the operation.

Systematically focus on different segments of the sky for short intervals

That’s how you should scan for traffic–let your eyes rest in different areas for a while, rather than continuously scanning.

is like climbing a ladder (north-south)

is the long way around the planet (the Earth is fat cuz it spins).

CTAF vs UNICOM vs MULTICOM vs AWOS

AWOS is weather. CTAF is for pilots to talk to each other when there’s no tower. UNICOM is a base station that broadcasts to pilots when there’s no tower. MULTICOM is used as the CTAF when there’s no CTAF (122.9 or 122.95).

Temperature inversion

Warm air on top of cold air. Fog, haze, low clouds, poor visibility, but smooth air.

Moist, unstable air (because the air is unstable), showery precipitation.

Smooth air, poor visibility, and steady (not showery) precipitation (because stable air is usually humid).

High density altitude

Just means “high altitude”. Air is thinner, so lift is decreased.

Wind is 180 degrees at 4 knots. The first three digits (180) are the compass heading (180). The last two numbers are the wind speed (04).

Always relative to true North in print, not magnetic North. If it’s in print, it must be true.

Sky is overcast at 700 feet. Remember, Numbers are always in hundreds

Visibility is 1 ½ statute miles (SM).

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FAA Part 107

Part 107 Drone Pilot Certification

Question	Answer
1	The number of drones you can fly simultaneously.
400 feet	The maximum height you can fly AGL or above a taller building within a 400-foot radius.
100 MPH/87 Knots	Fastest you can fly.
0.55 lbs.	The lightest drone that must be registered.
55 lbs.	Heaviest legal drone (must be less than, not equal to, 55 lbs).
0.04	Maximum blood alcohol level.
8 hours	The time that must pass since you have had alcohol.
10 days	The maximum time you can take to file an FAA accident report.
30 days	The time you have to notify the FAA if you move.
90 days	The lead time required when requesting an FAA waiver.
1 year	Time that must pass after a final narcotics conviction.
13 years old	The youngest person who can register a drone.
24 months	How long this certification is good for.
30 minutes	The twilight time before sunrise or after sunset when you can still fly.
3 statute miles	The distance your anti-collision lights must be visible from when flying during twilight. Also the minimum visibility you must have while flying.
500 feet	Minimum number of feet below a cloud you must fly.
2,000 feet	Minimum number of feet horizontally from a cloud you must fly.
$500	The repair cost of accident damage that requires you to report an accident to the FAA (not including damage to the drone)
Level 3	The “serious injury” AIS level that requires you to file an accident report.
122.9	The MULTICOM frequency for self-announce procedures.
2000 feet	The distance you should operate from a tower to avoid hitting guy wires.
Stalls	Occurs when the wing exceeds its critical angle of attack.
Center of Gravity (CG) Limits	Supposed to be defined in the Pilot’s Operating Handbook or UAS Flight Manual, but those don’t exist for drones.
Angle of attack	Determines when the craft stalls. This doesn’t change if the vehicle weight changes.
Load Factor	Increases during any maneuver.
Remote PIC	This is the answer to any question about who is responsible.
Left	Aircraft always turn left when circling a runway, because drivers sit on the left side of the car in the US, and pilots sit on the left of the plane, too. It’s easier for them to look out the left window to see the tower.
Maintenance schedule	You’re supposed to have one, even though most drones can’t be user-repaired and don’t provide a schedule.
Risk Management	Helps to prevent an accident chain.
Crew Resource Management (CRM)	It’s how you manage your “crew” and you should integrate it into all phases of the operation.
Systematically focus on different segments of the sky for short intervals	That’s how you should scan for traffic–let your eyes rest in different areas for a while, rather than continuously scanning.
Latitude	is like climbing a ladder (north-south)
Longitude	is the long way around the planet (the Earth is fat cuz it spins).
Standard briefing	Contains the weather forecast.
CTAF vs UNICOM vs MULTICOM vs AWOS	AWOS is weather. CTAF is for pilots to talk to each other when there’s no tower. UNICOM is a base station that broadcasts to pilots when there’s no tower. MULTICOM is used as the CTAF when there’s no CTAF (122.9 or 122.95).
Temperature inversion	Warm air on top of cold air. Fog, haze, low clouds, poor visibility, but smooth air.
Turbulence	Moist, unstable air (because the air is unstable), showery precipitation.
Stable air	Smooth air, poor visibility, and steady (not showery) precipitation (because stable air is usually humid).
Unstable air	Intermittent precipitation.
Cool + Dry	Stable Air
Hot + Humid	Unstable Air
High density altitude	Just means “high altitude”. Air is thinner, so lift is decreased.
Nimbus	Means a rain cloud.
18004KT	Wind is 180 degrees at 4 knots. The first three digits (180) are the compass heading (180). The last two numbers are the wind speed (04).
Compass headings	Always relative to true North in print, not magnetic North. If it’s in print, it must be true.
OVC007	Sky is overcast at 700 feet. Remember, Numbers are always in hundreds
1 1/2SM	Visibility is 1 ½ statute miles (SM).
BLPY	Blowing spray
BR	Mist
DS	Dust Storm
DU	Widespread Dust
DZ	Drizzle
FC	Funnel Cloud
+FC	Tornado/Water Spout
FG	Fog
FU	Smoke
GR	Hail
GS	Small Hail/Snow Pellets
HZ	Haze
IC	Ice Crystals
PL	Ice Pellets
PO	Dust/Sand Whirls
RA	Rain
SA	Sand
SG	Snow Grains
SN	Snow
SQ	Squall
SS	Sandstorm
UP	Unknown Precipitation
VA	Volcanic Ash
CTAF	(Common Traffic Advisory Frequency) is marked with a C.
AWOS	is for the weather.
Red flags	mark VFR checkpoints which mean more planes might be there.
Tick marks	Measure minutes between latitude and longitude degrees. Each tick is one minute. Bigger ticks mark 5 minutes.
Charts measurements	Are AGL (Above Ground Level), not MSL.
Class B Airspace	is the most restricted
class E Airspace	is the least restricted
Must get ATC (Air Traffic Control) authorization	For class B, C, and D.
Class A.	From 18,000 feet to 60,000 feet, all over the US.
Class B.	Surrounding major airports, 0-10,000 feet. Consists of multiple layers, like an upside-down wedding cake.
Class C.	Surrounding airports with a control tower, radar, and over a specific amount of traffic. Usually 5 NM (nautical mile) radius from 0-4,000 feet, and a 10 NM radius from 1,200-4,000 feet.
Class D.	Surrounding airports with a control tower. 0-2,500 feet, no specific radius, just shaped around flight patterns. Outside control tower hours, Class D airspace is Class G.
Class E.	Usually it starts at 1,200 feet and goes up to 18,000 feet.
Class G.	Uncontrolled airspace (below class E airspace).
Prohibited Areas	Places like Camp David and the White House.
Restricted Areas	It’s not prohibited, but if you fly here, it could be dangerous. The government might be testing artillery or missiles or UFOs.
Warning Areas	Domestic and international waters, from NM outward from the US coast. It’s cool to fly there it’s just not really managed by the US.
Military Operations Areas (MOAs)	Airspace with defined limits established for the purpose of separating certain military training activities from IFR traffic. If MOA is being used, nonparticipating IFR traffic may be cleared through an MOA if IFR separation can be provided by ATC.
Alert Areas	Depicted on aeronautical charts with an “A” followed by a number (e.g., A- 211) to inform nonparticipating pilots of areas that may contain a high volume of pilot training or an unusual type of aerial activity. Think skydiving training facility.
Numbers (like 41/12)	are written in 100s of feet above sea level (MSL). So, 41/12 means 4100 ft, 1200 ft. SFC = Surface
AC	Advisory Circulars
ADM	Aeronautical Decision Making
AFM	Aircraft Flight Manual
AGL	Above Ground Level
AIM	Aeronautical Information Manual
AIS	Abbreviated Injury Scale
ASL	Above Sea Level
ASOS	Automated Surface Observing System (monitors the weather)
ATC	Air Traffic Control
ATCT	Air Traffic Control Tower
ATIS	Automatic Terminal Information System (a loop of useful information broadcast over the radio near an airport)
AWC	Aviation Weather Center
AWOS	Automated Weather Observing System
CFR	Code of Federal Regulations
CG	Center of Gravity
CoW	Certificate of Waiver
CRM	Crew Resource Management
CS	Control Station (your remote control)
CTAF	Common Traffic Advisory Frequency
FAA	Federal Aviation Administration
FDC	Flight Data Center
FLIP	Department of Defense Flight Information Publication
FL	Flight Level
FSS	Flight Service Station. Provides pilot briefings, enroute communications, search-and-rescue services, help lost aircraft, etc.
FTP	Flight Termination Point
IFR	Instrument Flight Rules
ILS	Instrument Landing System
LOA	Letter of Agreement
METAR	Aviation Routine Weather Reports
MOA	Military Operations Area
MSL	Mean Sea Level
MTR	Military Training Routes
MULTICOM	Not an acronym, just the radio frequency (122.9) we use to announce aircraft when there’s no ATC.
NAS	National Airspace System
NM	Nautical Miles
NOTAM	Notice to Airman
NTAP	Notice to Airman Publication
NTSB	National Transportation Safety Board
NWS	National Weather Service
OVC	Overcast (from METAR)
PIC	Pilot In Control. You, flying the drone.
POH	Pilot Operating Handbook
RA	Rain
SFC	Surface
SIDA	Secure Identification Display Area. The part of the airport where you need to be wearing a badge.
SM	Statute Miles
SMS	Safety Management System
sUAS	Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (aka., drone, UA, UAS)
TAF	Terminal Aerodrome Forecast
TFR	Temporary Flight Restriction
UA	Unmanned Aircraft (aka., drone, sUAS, UAS)
UAS	Unmanned Aircraft System (aka., drone, sUAS, UA)
UNICOM	Not an acronym
VFR	Visual Flight Rules
VLOS	Visual Line-of-Sight
VO	Visual Observer
VOR	Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Range. They’re navigation beacons.
VR	Visual Flight Rules Military Training Routes
Personality factor Machismo	Taking risks to impress others.
Personality factor Impulsivity	Doing something without thinking about it.
Personality factor Invulnerability	Thinking accidents won’t happen to you.
Personality factor Resignation	What’s the use? They don’t control their destiny
Personality factor Anti-authority	Nobody can tell me what to do.

Created by: joearnett

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