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PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Protein synthesis takes 2 steps: | transcription & translation |
DNA to RNA | transcription |
RNA to DNA | translation |
TRANSCRIPTION purpose | Carry the code/instructions out of the nucleus |
Transcription location | nucleus |
Transcription starts with | DNA |
Transcription ends with | mRNA |
Three Essential Types of RNA | mRNA (messenger), tRNA (transfer), and rRNA (ribosomal) |
DNA sequence (template): TACGCTAGTACGATT | mRNA sequence: AUGCGAUCAUGCUAA |
Genetic Code | code of instructions for how to make proteins |
Codon | a set of 3 nucleotides on the mRNA |
Anticodon | complementary” 3 nucleotides on tRNA |
TRANSLATION Purpose | Read/follow the instructions carried on the mRNA to make a protein |
Translation location | Cytoplasm / Ribosome |
Translation starts with | mRNA (translation) |
Translation ends with | protein (translation) |
The ribosome releases the completed protein. | When the “stop codon” is reached |
Amino acids are bonded together with | peptide bonds |
Purines are | Adenine and Guanine |
Pyrimidine are | cytosine, Thymine and Uracil |
Helicase | Unzips the DNA during replication |
DNA polymerase | Joins the nucleotides together in a DNA strand |
Base pairing | In DNA the ft between Thymine and Adenine and th fit between Cytosine and Guanine is called? |