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Machines

From levers to bicycles to pulleys.

effort force The force applied to the machine(Fe) by you to overcome resistance
resistance force The force applied by the machine(Fr)
Work input(Win) The work done on a machine. Fe X De
Work output(Wout) The work done by the machine. Fr X Dr
ideal machine Work output equals work input. Fe X De=Fr X Dr
mechanical advantage(MA) The number of times a machine multiplies the effort force.
IMA(ideal mechanical advantage) Work that could be done on a machine. Le/Lr
first class lever The fulcrum is between the effort force and resistance(ex. sizzors)
second class lever The resistance is between the effort force and fulcrum. (ex. wheelbarrow)
third class lever Effort force is between the resistance force and the fulcrum. (ex. hockey stick)
pulley A grooved wheel with a rope or chain running along the groove.
single fixed pulley attached to something imovable. IMA=1
single movable pulley Attached to something movable. Unlike single attached pulley, it multiplies the effort force. IMA=2
block and tackle Combined system of fixed and movable pulleys.
wheel and axle simple machine consisting of two wheels of different sizes that rotate together
simple machine Device that performs work with only one movement.
A worker applies a force of 20 N to pry open a window that has a resistance force of 500 N. What is the mechanical advantage of the crowbar. MA= resistance force/effort force 500/20= 25
bionics science of designing artificial replacements
efficiency Measure of how much work put into a machine is changed to useful work put out by a machine. efficiency= Wout/Win X 100
lever Bar that is free to pivot or turn about a fixed point.
fulcrum Fixed point of a lever.
inclined plane A slopping surface used to raise objects. Uses less force but more distance.
screw Inclined plane wrapped around a spiral around a cylindrical post.
wedge Inclined plane with one or two slopping sides.
Created by: shalina
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