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Psych. Jeap. Quiz #2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This is the theory of when a cell may be excited by a red receptor and inhibited by a green receptor; or excited y a yellow receptor and inhibited by a blue receptor. | Opponent Process Theory |
| When the brain processes and organizes sensations to give it all meaning | Perception |
| This is the term used when we are talking about how knowledge and memory play a role in processing sensations | Top-Down Processing (know Bottom Up too) |
| Receiving stimuli from the environment | Sensation |
| The detection of information below the level of conscious awareness | Subliminal perception |
| The minimum amount of stimulus energy that a person can detect | Absolute threshold (know difference threshold and Weber's Law) |
| The field of psychology is interested in how people organize their perceptions according to patterns. | Gestalt Psych. |
| When two lines are the same length but have the illusion of being different lengths. | Muller-Lyer illusion (know both illusions from PowerPoint) |
| This is when I focus in on one person in a crowded room of people where there is a lot of noise. | Cocktail Party effect |
| When your right brain tries to say the color, but your left brain insists on reading the word. | Stroop effect |
| This is when objects that are grouped together are seen as a whole | Law of Closure (know other Gestalt Laws) |
| This is part of the eye that detects color | Cones |
| People (mostly men) who only have two types of receptors and who are color-blind are referred to as this. | Dichromatic |
| Color perception is produced by 3 types of receptors that are sensitive to different wavelength ranges (is known as this) | Trichromatic Theory |
| According to the Opponent Process Theory, if I stare at a screen with a red flag with a field of blue in the left hand corner, and then I look at a blank screen, this will be what I see in the afterimage. | Green flag with a field of yellow in the left hand corner |
| These are cues about depth that depend on the combination of the images in the left and right eyes and the way they both work together. | Binocular cues |
| This type of monocular cue as it allows us to know distance from out world experience on this earth. | Familiar size (know three types of monocular cues) |
| Decision making based on uncertainty is referred to as this | Signal detection Theory |
| When we do this, the sensations first go to the temporal lobes and then other parts of the brain, particularly the limbic system (involved in emotion in memory) | Smell |
| This is when the sound is to your left and your left ear experiences the greatest intensity, while the right ear experiences less intensity | The Sound Shadow |
| These are the sensory nerve endings under the skin that detect temperature changes... they provide input in order to keep the body at 98.6 Farenheit | Thermoreceptors |
| These are the rounded bumps on your tongue that contain your taste buds. We have 10,000 taste buds. | Papillae |
| This is the sensation that warns us when there is damage to the body | Pain |
| Characterized by delta waves | Sleep stages 3 and 4 |
| This is considered stage 5 sleep | REM |
| What does REM stand for? | Rapid eye movement |
| This is characterized by sleep spindles | Stage 2 sleep |
| This is when night terrors occur | Stage 4 sleep |
| This is when you just cannot get to sleep | Insomnia |
| This is the sudden urge to sleep | Narcolepsy |
| This is when the windpipe fails to open while sleeping | Sleep apnea |
| This always leads to death, is rare, and is caused by a genetic mutation | Fatal Familial Insomnia (FFI) |
| This can be a side effect of taking Ambien | Sleep eating (also sleep driving is okay for this one) |
| These go up when my temperature increases; conversely, these go down when my temperature decreases | Circadian rhythms |
| Blood sugar, blood pressure, and temperature are all related to this | Circadian rhythms |
| Also known as simniloquy | Sleep talking (know term for sleep walking) |
| He talked about the manifest and latent content of dreams | Freud (know about these terms as well) |
| This is a small brain structure that uses input from the retina to synchronize its own rhythm with the daily cycle of light and dark | Suprachiasmatic nucleus |
| Alcohol is considered this | Depressant/Disease |
| Most common drug used in the U.S. | Caffeine |
| This is the repeated use of psychoactive drugs for emotional reasons | Psychological dependence (know difference between psychological and physical dependence, and tolerance) |
| This popular drug, that is now legal in some states, is considered a hallucinogen. | Marijuana |
| Inhalants are in this class of drugs | Stimulants |
| This drug is often confused with being a stimulant, but is actually in the category of hallucinogen | Ecstacy |
| Ecstacy can decrease ____________ reuptake in chronic users and SSRIs are often prescribed. | Serotonin |
| This drug was popularized in the series, "Breaking Bad" | Crystal Meth |
| Pain medications are now considered a gateway drug for this opiate | Heroine |
| This is an opiate that can be prescribed to you by your physician | Codeine |
| This has no meaning concerning the response until it is paired with the unconditioned stimulus. | Neutral stimulus |
| He is the person associated with Classical Conditioning | Ivan Pavlov |
| This is the term used when a new stimulus is similar to the original conditioned stimulus | Generalization |
| This produces a response based on reflexes | Unconditioned stimulus |
| When "weakening" the conditioned response by associating the conditioned stimulus with a new unconditioned stimulus; for example, if the researchers had done this for Little Albert they would have given him the candy while showing him the rat. | Counterconditioning |
| He was doing his research at the same time Pavlov did his | Thorndike |
| he said, "Human behavior is neither whimsical or the outcome of free will... it follows definitive, lawful principles." | B.F. skinner |
| This is when I ADD a POSITIVE stimulus to the environment. Ex.) I am going to give you a gold star on your paper for a good job. | Positive reinforcer |
| This is when I REMOVE an AVERSIVE stimulus from the environment. Ex.) When my alarm goes off to wake me up in the morning. I want to remove the stimulus (because it's annoying me), and it also produces the behavior of waking me up. | Negative reinfocer |
| This is when I ADD an AVERSIVE stimulus to the environment. Ex.) Little Johnny was spanked for being a bad boy | Positive punishment |
| This is when I REMOVE a POSITIVE stimulus from the environment. Ex.) When I get pulled over by the police for speeding and I have to pay a fine of $250, this is removing my money from my wallet. | Negative punishment |
| He valued empirical observation | B.F. Skinner |
| Type of reinforcement provides reinforcement after an unpredictable NUMBER of responses (slot machine) | Variable-ratio schedule |
| This is when your first response is rewarded but only after a certain amount of TIME goes by; Ex.) your pay check. You know that you will receive it on a certain day | Fixed-interval schedule |
| These reinforcers can be exchanged for each other | Conditioned reinforcer and primary reinforcer |
| This type of conditioning is INVOLUNTARY and involves reflexes. Ex.) Tank cannot control his salivation when he smells his dog food. | Classical conditioning |
| This type of conditioning is VOLUNTARY as the consequences of the condition will determine my behavior. Ex.) In order to get a treat (the positive reinforcement) Tank will give me his paw. | Operant conditioning |
| This theory, __________________, developed by this psychologist ____________________, said that we learn by modeling other people and their behaviors. | Observational Learning; Albert Bandura |
| "Ah ha" moment! | Insight Learning |
| Who developed insight learning | Kohler |
| Term used when a person still elicits a behavior even if there is no reward at the end. | Latent learning |
| Who developed Latent Learning | Tolman (know cognitive mapping) |
| This is when we revert to instinctive behaviors. We often see this in animals. We train them, but sometimes they may go back to their "animal ways" | Instinctive drift |
| This is when you eat or drink something that makes you sick and you never want that food or beverage again. | Taste aversion |
| This is the response associated with the unconditioned stimulous | Unconditioned response |
| This was the neutral stimulus but is now this as it produces the response | Conditioned stimulus |
| This is the learned response to the conditioned stimulus | Conditioned response |
| This is when a conditioned response has not completely extinguished and may come back | Spontaneous recovery |
| The beer starts as the _______________, while the attractive woman is the __________________. | Neutral stimulus; unconditioned stimulous |
| Once the woman and the beer are paired all I need to do is show the beer which now becomes the ______________. Drinking the beer is the ___________________. | Conditioned stimulus; Conditioned response |
Created by:
skyler.caruso1
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