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Waves Vocabulary
Gage Hackenburg
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Waves | Oscillations that can carry energy |
| Oscillation | An up and down or back and fourth motion. |
| Vacuum | Space that has no matter in it. |
| Mechanical Waves | Waves that move through matter. |
| Types of Mechanical Waves | Sound waves; Waves in water. |
| Electromagnetic Waves | Waves that can travel through vacuums. |
| Types of Electromagnetic Waves | Light waves; X-rays; Radio waves. |
| Wave Properties | The four main characteristics of a wave. |
| Amplitude | One half the distance between a wave's high point and low point. |
| Crest | A wave's high point. |
| Trough | A wave's low point |
| Resting Point | The center of the wave. |
| Wavelength and Symbol | Measured from a point on one wave to the same point on the next wave (Crest to Crest; Trough to Trough) Symbol - λ |
| Wavelength Units | Meter |
| 3 Ways to measure wavelength are: | From Crest to Crest, from Trough to Trough, from the resting point. |
| Frequency | The amount of waves that pass through a fixed point in a given unit of time. |
| Units for Frequency | Hertz (Hz) |
| Wave Speed | The time it takes for a wave to move from one point to another. |
| Wave Speed Units | Velocity (m/s) |
| Wave Speed Equation | Wave Speed = Frequency x Wavelength (v = f x λ) |
| Medium | The matter a wave travels through. |
| Reflection | When a wave bounces off of a surface; a mirror. |
| Law of Reflection | Waves get reflected in a particular way. |
| Reflected Ray | The wave coming from a reflection. |
| Incident Ray | A wave before it has been reflected. |
| Refraction | The bending of waves caused when they travel at different speeds in different mediums; legs look shorter in a pool. |
| Diffraction | The bending of waves around a barrier or the spreading of waves past small openings; ocean waves coming through a pier. |
| Interference | The result of waves colliding with each other. |
| Constructive Interference | Waves colliding creating a larger wave. |
| Destructive Interference | Waves colliding cancelling each other out. |
| Absorption | The transfer of energy from a wave to matter as it passes through it. |
| Absorbed Colors | Colors that are being absorbed by as substance, making them unable to be seen. |
| Reflected Colors | Colors that bounce off a substance, making them appear visible. |
| Electromagnetic Waves | Transverse waves that osculate in a perpendicular pattern. |
| Radio Waves | Transmit music; longest electromagnetic wavelength; 0.3 m<. |
| Microwaves | Cook food; 0.3-0.003 m. |
| Infrared Waves | Just longer than a red wave; emitted by warm objects. |
| Visible Light | Visible to humans; emit color; 700-400 nano-meters. |
| Ultraviolet Waves | Just over violet; emitted by the sun; 400-10 nano-meters. |
| X-Rays | Higher frequency than UV; can see through skin, but not bone. |
| Gamma Rays | Highest frequency waves ; radioactive and harmful to humans. |
| Visible Light Spectrum | From red, the highest frequency visible color, to violet, the lowest frequency visible color. |
| Longitudinal Wave | Waves that oscillate the same direction they move. |
| Expansion | When the wave in a longitudinal wave stretches out. |
| Compression | When the wave in a longitudinal wave presses in. |
| Intensity | How much energy a sound wave passes through a certain area. |
| Units of Sound | Decibel (dB) |
| Pitch | The difference of a sound's frequency. |
| Analog Signal | Carry out information but vary continuously in both amplitude and frequency. |
| Digital Signal | Information carried out as wave pulses in the form of zeros and ones. |
Created by:
2022gaha
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