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Image Production
Unit 2: Equipment Operation, Quality control, and Image Aquisition
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| As image matrix size increases pixel size __________. | decreases |
| Factors that can impact image resolution _______. | Patient factors, focal spot size, and SID |
| Which of the following will have the greatest exposure factors? A: 100 mA, 50 ms B: 200 mA, 40ms C:400 mA, 70ms D: 600 mA, 30ms | C |
| How much does technique need to go up for a wet plaster cast? | 8-10kv increase |
| How much does technique need to go up for a dry plaster cast? | 5-7kv increase |
| How much technique need to go up for a fiberglass? | 3-4 kv increase |
| What type of relationship does spatial resolutions have with OID? | Indirect relationship |
| What type of relationship does contrast have with grid ratio? | Direct relationship |
| What type of relationship does the receptor exposure have with kvp? | Direct relationship |
| On the image intensifier, what material is the input phosphor made of? | CsI Cesium iodide |
| On the image intensifier, what material is the output phosphor made of? | Zinc cadmium sulfide |
| How to decrease magnification (without mag mode button) in fluoroscopy? | Bring image intensifier as close as possible to patient |
| Grids are a safety mechanism True/false | False: Grids are NOT a safety mechanism, only used for image clean-up. |
| What is a back-up timer, that is used for AEC? | It is a safety mechanism used for AEC and is set to no more than 150% of the exposure |
| Which interaction of radiation production has incoming electrons slow around nucleus in the target atom and has a loss of kinetic energy? | Bremsstrahlung |
| Which interaction of radiation production has incoming electrons interact with the inner shell electron in the target atom? | Characteristic |
| The numeric value that represents the amount of exposure the image receptor received | Exposure indicator |
| EI is ______ proportional to exposure of the image receptor. | Directly |
| S-number is _________ proportional to exposure of the image receptor. | Inversely |
| The ability of a digital system to display changes in greyscale values | contrast resolution |
| The ability of a digital system to record adjacent small structures | spatial resolution |
| Stored histogram values of selected exams, used in rescaling. | LUT; Look up table |
| Recognized area within collimated field | Volume of interest; VOI |
| In post processing, It is ok to use the electronic mask/cropping | FALSE; was meant to shield viewers eyes not represent false collimation |
| In post processing, the computer uses grid lines to crop and align multiple images into one | Stitching |
| The ability to detect differential intensity to the ambient noise level. | SNR CNR |
| Located between the xray table and IR | Ionization chambers for AEC |
| Located beneath IR | Photo timer |
| Image receptor that is made of europium-activated barium fluorohalide mixed with a binder substance | PSP image receptor |
| Image receptor that is made of (depending on the type) amorphour selerium, amorphous silicon (CSI or gadolinium oxysulphide) | TFT image receptor |
| Image receptor made that is made of scintillator, fiber optics, capacitors, and amplifiers | CCD/CMOS |
| As detective quantum efficiency goes _____ patient dose goes _____. | increases; decreases |
| What would misalignment of the tube-part-IR relationship be? | Shape distortion |
| Consistency in x-ray tube output | Reconstruction |
| As digital DEL decreases | Spatial resolution increases |
| Factors that affect histogram appearance: | beam restrictions, centering errors, incorrect SID |
| Image receptor spatial resolution in direct digital systems is ___________. | Fixed and inversely related to TFT DEL size. |
| A decrease in SNR can be the result of | Incorrect part selection and grid cutoff |
| True/False: The advantages for beam restriction that it eliminates shielding requirement. | FALSE; It irradiation of less biologic material and production of less scattered radiation. |
| Focal spot size impacts the visibility of the anode heel effect. Tre/False | FALSE; Only SID and IR size |
| What are 3 things that would help reduce the effect of scattered radiation on an image? | Collimators, grids, and Compression band ( reduce effect of excessive tissue fat) |
| Which part of the induction motor is located outside the x-ray tube glass envelope? | Stator |
| True/false Focal spot blur is greatest toward the anode end. | FALSE: toward the cathode end |
| What is tested in radiology in a quality assurance program? | Beam alignment, reproducibility, and linearity |
| Which interaction of radiation is responsible for producing the most x-ray photons at the x-ray tube target? | Bremsstahlung |
| What does HVL stand for? | Half value layers |
| Higher the HVL _________. | more penetrating the beam. |
| True/ False: A high ratio grid will allows more centering latitude. | FALSE: Absorbs more scattered radiation and more of the primary beam. |
| Voxel is associated with ___________. | field of view |
| Pixel is associated with ___________. | how much of the part is included in the matrix |
Created by:
Ekborchard93
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