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Critical Cognition

Centura College Ch. 2

TermDefinition
REASON Process to support a claim or conclusion using evidence.
Plato's description of the human soul 1 rational, 2 nonrational (emotional, physical) parts
St. Thomas Aquinas & Western thought of Great Chain of Being God is perfect rational being, followed by angels and demons. Man is above animals, plants, minerals. Women are inferior to men and should procreate.
Charles Darwin's theory of evolution reason evolved as humans struggled to survive
spatial-temporal problem solving part of reason to solve space and time problems, math, physicals, engineering
Aristotle's beliefs men are in politics and workplace, women are at home and with family
Feminist belief (Gloria Steinem, Simone de Beauvoir, John Stuart Mill) gender discrimination based on stereotypes prevents women from being treated equally.
How video games help the brain improves mental rehearsal in stressful real-life situations, problem-solving
How dreams help the brain think Sleep enables emotions to awaken, be more logical. Example: Mendeleyev created periodic table of elements in dreams
EMOTION happiness, grief, fear. Western culture, emotion is opposite of reason. Chinese culture, emotion is positive. African culture, reflect on experience. Buddhists believe in love.
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ability to express and perceive emotion, use feelings when thinking, and regulate emotions to grow emotionally and intellectually.
MORAL INDIGNATION Positive feeling when it means feeling for victims and preventing further mistreatment (Ex- Rosa Parks, Dr. MLK)
EMPATHY ability to understand others' emotions and experiences. Allows us to listen and communicate, be flexible.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Study of computations that enable machines to be social, perceive, reason and act.
TURING TEST test to detect Artificial Intelligence's conscious intelligence by British mathematician Alan Turing in 1950.
Kismet, Leonardo robots sociable machines developed at MIT
Herbert Simon Father of artificial intelligence and economics Nobel Prize Winner. Believed computers are emotional because it communicates with humans. AI being discriminated like women, Africans.
Roger Penrose British mathematician, physicist. Believes humans are more emotional and conscious than machines that are built of quantum physics.
CYBORG humans partially computerized with a microchip in brain. Neural interface system links a quadriplegic's brain to a computer
FAITH Belief in God, act of trust and obedience to God. God spares Isaac's life when he is ready to sacrifice son Isaac.
FIDEISM Faith and revelation show that God exists. Christians, Islamic Fundamentalists. Problem- we can't reason or scientifically prove of God's existence.
RATIONALIST Evidence should support religious beliefs to prove to rational people of conclusion that God exists. Paul Kurtz.
BIG BANG THEORY universe began about 15 billion years ago with a large explosion and universe is still expanding
ATHEIST It is irrational to have faith in God (Richard Dawkins biologist). Dawkins says people suffer from "faith virus" or strong conviction
AGNOSTIC We can't know of God existing.
"God gene" (genetically hardwired) Dean Hamer says certain people are likely to believe in God because of community, environment, society believing in God
CRITICAL RATIONALISM People have revelation or direct knowledge of God. Thomas Aquinas, John Calvin. Universe's beauty and design is evidence of God's existence (p. 56)
Albert Schweitzer humanitarian, medical missionary. Theologist and doctor (medical missionary) who believed that overzealous religion can hinder the truth. Funded hospital in Africa.
Created by: ccyndimolina
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