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renal
BENCHMARK DRUGS
generic name | brand name | pharmacologic category | common indications | dosage forms | Essential knowledge |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
terazosin | Hytrin | Alpha 1 blocker | benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), hypertension (HTN) | po | dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, priapism, intraoperative floppy iris syndrome |
fesoterodine | Toviaz | Anticholinergic | Overactive bladder | po | xerostomia, constipation, angioedema (CI in uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma |
solifenacin | Vesicare | Anticholinergic | Overactive bladder | po | xerostomia, constipation, angioedema (CI in uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma |
tolterodine | Detrol, Detrol LA | Anticholinergic | Overactive bladder | po | xerostomia, constipation, angioedema (CI in uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma |
oxybutynin | Ditropan, Ditropan XL | Anticholinergic, urinary antispasmodic agent | Overactive bladder | po | xerostomia, constipation, dizziness, drowsinesss, angioedema (CI in uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma) |
phenazopyridine | Azo Urinary pain relief, Pyridium | Urinary analgesic | Symptomatic relief of dysuria | po | stomach cramps, HA, dizziness (may change bodily fluids red/orange) |
tamsulosin | Flomax | Alpha 1a blocker | benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) | po | dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, priapism, intraoperative floppy iris syndrome; take 30 minutes after the same meal daily |
calcium gluconate | --- | Electrolyte supplement | Hypocalcemia | IV | hypercalcemia, arrhythmia; precipitation occurs with phosphate, do not |
magnesium sulfate | --- | Electrolyte supplement | Hypomagnesmia, pre-eclampsia | IM, IV | cardiac arrest (with rapid undiluted IV infusion) -- ISMP high alert med; dilute before infusion |
potassium chloride | PO: K-tab, Klor-Con, Micro-K | Electrolyte supplement | Hypokalemia | po, IV | IV: hyperkalemia, cardiac arrest with rapid undiluted infusion. PO: hyperkalemia, abdominal discomfort/pain, diarrhea, flatulence, N/V -- ISMP high alert med, dilute before infusion, do not admin IV push; vesicant; tabs with wax may appear in stool |
potassium phosphate | --- | Electrolyte supplement | Hypokalemia | IV | hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, cardiac arrest (with rapid undiluted IV infusion), ISMP high alert med, must dilute before infusion, precipitation occurs with calcium; vesicant |
ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) | --- | Fat-soluble vitamin | Dietary supplement, hypoparathyroidism | po | hypervitaminosis D (CI with hypercalcemia) |
calcitriol | Rocatrol | Vitamin D analog | Secondary hyperparathyroidism | po | hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia |
albumin, 5% or 25% | Albuminar, Plasbumin | Colloid | 5%: hypovolemia, 25%: large volume paracentesis | IV | hypervolemia |
0.9% sodium chloride | Normal Saline | Crystalloid | Hypovolemia, carrier fluid | IV | hypervolemia, non-anion gap metabolic acidosis |
lactated ringers | LR | Crystalloid | Hypovolemia | IV | hypervolemia |
5% dextrose in water | D5W | Crystalloid | Carrier fluid, hypernatremia, hypoglycemia | IV | hyperglycemia, hyponatremia, hypervolemia |
dutasteride | Avodart | 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor | benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) | po | oropharyngeal irritation, decreased libido, impotence -- swallow whole; woman who are pregnant or of child-bearing age should not touch |
finasteride | Proscar, Propecia | 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor | benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), male pattern baldness | po | decreased libido, impotence -- woman who are pregnant or of child-bearing age should not touch |
doxazosin | Cardura | Alpha 1 blocker | benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), hypertension (HTN) | po | dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, priapism, intraoperative floppy iris syndrome |