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Asthma & COPD
Ch 21 Agents for respiratory conditions, pharm tech
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Spiriva | tiotropium *inhaled anticholinergics bronchodilators |
| Atrovent HFA | ipratropium *inhaled anticholinergics bronchodilators |
| inhaled steroids | Pulmicort or Flovent |
| Pulmicort | budesonide *inhaled corticosteroid |
| Flovent | fluticasone *inhaled corticosteroid |
| combination products | Symbicort / formoterol and budesonide |
| Advair | fluticasone and salmeterol *combination bronchodilator and steroid |
| Combivent | albuterol and ipratropium *combination bronchodilators to control bronchospasm in patients with COPD |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an irreversible chronic obstruction of the airways; emphysema and chronic bronchitis are examples of COPD |
| Asthma | condition in which there is a reversible narrowing of the air passages caused by over-responsiveness of the airways to various stimuli and inflammation of the airways *viruses, cold air, exercise, pollens, dust, cigarette smoke, animal dander are examples of stimuli |
| symptoms of Asthma and COPD | are similar with wheezing, difficulty breathing, and coughing |
| bronchodilators | medicines that open up the airways and make it easier to breathe |
| inhaler or nebulizer forms | deliver medicine directly to the lungs so the patient can feel relief quicker and there is less systemic absorption of the medicine leading to fewer adverse effects |
| short acting beta agonists | such as albuterol and levalbuterol work quickly to stop an attack |
| long acting beta agonists | are used on a daily basis to prevent an attack |
| anticholinergic drugs | more useful in COPD than in asthma; anticholinergic "drying" effects |
| Corticosteroids | used to suppress inflammation and the immune system response (used in a wide variety of illnesses such as asthma, lupus, RA) |
| inhaled route of administration of corticosteroids | useful in pulmonary diseases to provide local effect and prevent numerous side effects of oral medications |
| short-acting bronchodilators | albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin, and ProAir) and levalbuterol (Xopenex) |
| Long-acting bronchodilators | Serevent, Perforomist or Foradil, Brovana |
| Serevent | salmeterol *asthma and COPD |
| Perforomist or Foradil | formoterol *asthma and COPD |
| Brovana | arformoterol *COPD |
| Methylxanthines | Theo-24 / theophylline; aminophylline *PO |
| Leukotriene modifiers | Singulair and Accolate |
| Singulair | montelukast *leukotriene modifiers (PO) |
| Accolate | zafirlukast *leukotriene modifiers (PO) |
| Mast Cell Stabilizers | Gastrocrom, NasalCrom / cromolyn sodium |
| Mucolytic agent | Mucomyst / acetylcysteine |
| anticholinergics | Atrovent and Spiriva |
| Spiriva | tiotropium *anticholinergics |
| Atrovent | ipratropium *anticholinergics |