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psychotherapy
various forms of psychotherapy and definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| psychotherapy | psychologically based treatment in which a trained therapist use techniques to help a person overcome psychological difficulties and disorders, resolve problems or bring about personal growth |
| biomedical therapy | relies on drugs and other medical procedures to improve psychological functioning based on the patients biology |
| deep brain stimulation (DBS) | electrodes connected to the mood-related part of the brain and their chest, intended to correct abnormal brain signals |
| psychodynamic therapy | attempt to bring unresolved past conflicts and unacceptable impulses from the unconscious, so patients can deal with their problems more effectively |
| defense mechanisms | psychological strategies to protect yourself from unacceptable, unconscious impulses |
| repression | force threatening conflicts and impulses back into the unconscious |
| neurotic symptoms | abnormal behavior cause by anxiety produced by unconscious |
| psychoanalysis | Freud's form of psychotherapy in which they attempt to release hidden thought and feelings from the unconscious in order to reduce their controlling behavior |
| transference | feelings originally intended towards the patient's parents or authority figures gets transferred to the psychoanalysis, due to the intimate nature between a patient and psychoanalysist |
| behavioral treatment | uses basic principles of learning, such as reinforcement and extinction, to reduce or eliminate abnormal behavior |
| aversive conditioning | a form of therapy pairing with unpleasant stimulus with undesired behavior to reduce the frequency of that undesired behavior |
| systematic desensitization | based on classical conditioning in which exposure to an anxiety-producing stimulus is paired with deep relaxation to reduce or eliminate anxiety |
| flooding | behavioral treatment for anxiety in which people are confronted, either suddenly or gradually, with a stimulus they fear |
| operant conditioning techniques | reward people for doing desirable behavior and extinguish undesirable behavior by ignoring or punishing it |
| token system | rewards desirable behavior |
| contingency contracting | therapist and patient set behavioral goals, therapist rewards patient for reaching goals |
| observational learning | teach people skills and ways of handling their fears and anxiety |
| cognitive treatment | teach people to think in more adaptive ways by changing their dysfunctional cognitions about the world and themselves |
| cognitive-behavioral approach | incorporates basic principles of learning to change the way people think |
| rational-emotive behavior therapy | attempts to restructure a person's belief system into a more realistic, rational, and logical set of views by challenging dysfunctional beliefs that maintain irrational behavior |
| humanistic therapy | people have control of their own behavior, can make choices about their lives, and are essentially responsible for solving their own problems |
| self-actualization | state of self-fulfillment in which people realize their full potential, in their own unique way |
| person-centered therapy | the goal is to reach one's potential for self-actualization |
| unconditional positive regard | therapist provides acceptance, support, and understanding, no matter what feelings the patient expresses, creating a safe environment for the patient to make realistic and constructive choices and decisions |
| interpersonal therapy (IPT) | help patients control their moods and emotions by focusing on the context of their current social relationships |
| group therapy | therapy involving groups of people seeking treatment, usually centered on a common problem |
| family therapy | focuses on the family and its dynamics, expects each family member to contribute to resolving the problem |
| self-help therapy | people with similar problems get together to discuss common problems and share their feelings and experiences, often without a formal therapist |
| spontaneous remission | recovery without treatment |
| evidence-based psychotherapy practice | seeks to determine the best practices for treating specific disorders |
| eclectic approach to therapy | therapists use a variety of techniques, integrating several perspectives, to treat their problem |
| drug therapy | treatment of psychological disorders through the use of drugs that alter the operations of the neurons and neurotransmitters in the brain and body |
| electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) | procedure to treat severe depression with an electric current administered to the patient's head cause loss of conciousness and seizures |
| transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) | a depression treatment in which a precise magnetic pulse is directed to a specific area of the brain |
| psychosurgery | brain surgery once used to reduce the symptoms of a mental disorder |
| prefrontal lobotomy | surgery destroying or removing part of the patient's frontal lobe, which surgeons used to believe controlled emotions |
| cingulotomy | in rare cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder, they destroy tissue in the anterior cingulate area of the brain |
| gamma knife surgery | beams of radiation used to destroy areas of the brain |
| brain scan neurofeeback | patients are shown real-time brain scans showing brain activity as they recall emotional memories or triggers for anxiety, allowing them to modify their brain activity and better learn to cope |
| deinstitutionalization | the transfer of a formal mental patient from an institution to the community |
Created by:
tiffels
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