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IntroPsych-Chp7
Basic Principles of Learning
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Unconditional Stimulus (UCS) | A stimulus that can elicit inborn response w/o any learning |
| Unconditional Response (UCR) | An unlearned, inborn reaction to unconditioned stimulus |
| Conditioned stimulus (CS) | Stimulus that comes to elicit responses as a result of being paired with an unconditioned stimulus. |
| Conditioned Response (CR) | Response that is similar or identical to unconditioned response that comes to be elicited by a conditioned stimulus. |
| Classical Conditioning | Form of learning where a previously neutral stimulus (CS) is paired with an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) to elicit a conditioned response(CR) that is identical or very similar to the unconditioned response (UCR) |
| Operant Conditioning | Learning where consequences of behavior lead to changes in probability of its occurrence. |
| Unconditional Stimulus (UCS) | A stimulus that can elicit inborn response w/o any learning |
| Unconditional Response (UCR) | An unlearned, inborn reaction to unconditioned stimulus |
| Conditioned stimulus (CS) | Stimulus that comes to elicit responses as a result of being paired with an unconditioned stimulus. |
| Conditioned Response (CR) | Response that is similar or identical to unconditioned response that comes to be elicited by a conditioned stimulus. |
| Classical Conditioning | Form of learning where prev neutral stimulus (CS) paired w/ unconditioned stimulus (UCS) to elicit a conditioned response(CR) that is identical/very similar to unconditioned response (UCR). Takes place because two stimuli are repeatedly paired together |
| Operant Conditioning | Learning where consequences of behavior lead to changes in probability of its occurrence. (Learning from the consequences of our behavior) |
| Extinction | Process of unlearning a learned response, because of original source of learning |
| Partial Reinforcement Effect | Phenomenon where responses that have been reinforced on variable ratio or variable interval schedules are more difficult to extinguish than responses that have been continuously reinforced. |
| Response Prevention | Prevention of avoidance responses to ensure that individual sees that negative consequence will not occur to speed up extinction of avoidance responses |
| Avoidance Learning | The most difficult responses of all to extinguish are responses learned through what? |
| Insight | Form of cognitive change that involves recognition of previously unseen relationships. |
| Harry Harlow | Who showed that ability to solve problems insightfully is itself partially learned. |
| Learning Set | Improvement in rate of learning to solve new problems through practice solving similar problems. |
| Albert Bandura | Who termed 'modeling' which is defined as learning by observing behavior of others |
| Learning | Any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about through experience |
| Disinhibition | Temporary increase in strength of an extinguished response cause by an unrelated stimulus event |
| Spontaneous Recovery | Temporary increase in strength of conditioned response, which is likely to occur during extinction after passage of time. |
| Cognitive Map | inferred mental awareness of structure of a physical space or related elements. |
| Insight | A sudden cognitive change that solved problem. Form of cognitive change that involves recognition of previously unseen relationships |
Created by:
edarr
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