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Science
Matter Unit
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Physical Property | can be measured or observed without changing the identity of the object...color, size, shape, magnetism...conductivity(transfer energy~heat or electric) |
| Chemical Property | describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance with different properties...flammability...reactivity~ability to react with something |
| Atoms | basic unit from which all matter is made...nucleus~protons and neurons; protons are positive...cloud~electrons;negative |
| Element | pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances...only one type of particle...oxygen, gold, carbon |
| Molecule | 2+ atoms held together by a chemical bond |
| Compounds | pure substance composed of 2+ elements chemically combined...must undergo a chemical change...has its own characteristic properties...sodium + chlorine= sodium chloride (salt)...can be broken down into simpler substances by means of a chemical change |
| Mixture | combination of 2+ substances that aren't chemically combined |
| Heterogeneous Mixture | a mixture in which each substance can be seen |
| Homogeneous Mixture | a mixture in which each substance cannot be seen |
| Volume Measurement formulas | regular shape- 1x wx h= cm2... irregular shape- graduated cylinder |
| Mass | amt. of matter an object has it remains constant...use a triple beam balance to measure |
| Weight | gravitational force on an object...it changes depending on location...relative to earth...use a scale to measure |
| Density | how much mass in a given volume...d=m/v...amt. of substance doesn't affect density...temperature affects density...water is 1.0 g/mL, density of ice is less |
| Characteristic Property | Unique property that allows one to identify an element...melting point etc., density, reactivity, conductivity |
| Physical Change | changing a physical property of a substance + does not change the identity of a substance, melting, freezing, evaporation, dissolving, crushing, distillation, filtration |
| Chemical Change | process of changing substances into a new one, tarnishing, burning, baking...photosynthesis, cellular respiration |
| Solid | molecules are very close together...definite shape and volume |
| Crystalline Solid | molecules are in orderly arrangement and in a repeating pattern...ice, diamond, iron |
| Amorphous Solid | molecules are in no particular order...rubber, wax, plastic |
| Liquid | molecules are somewhat close together...changes shape not volume...molecules slide past each other to conform to its container...surface tension...viscosity |
| Viscosity | characteristic property that is a resistance to flowing |
| Surface Tension | characteristic property that creates an inward "pull" among the molecules of the liquid |
Created by:
ag706
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