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pancreas
ch 18 therapeutic agents for the endocrine system, pharm tech
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| pancreas | responsible for insulin and glucagon production and release |
| insulin | important to transportation of glucose in the cell |
| diabetes mellitus | chronic endocrine disease associated with hyperglycemia - blood glucose increase; too much sugar in the blood (high blood glucose). |
| Type 1 diabetes mellitus | T1DM; inability of pancreas to synthesize and secrete insulin leading to insulin deficiency; absolute deficiency of insulin |
| symptoms of T1DM | polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst), and polyphagia (excessive appetite); glucose loss via urination can cause dehydration, weight loss, fatigue, and extreme hunger |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | insulin resistance, decreased ability of tissues to respond to insulin |
| risk factors for T2DM | obesity, lack of exercise, HBP, history of GDM, older than 45, family history of T2DM, hyperlipidemia (elevated cholesterol levels) |
| GDM | gestational diabetes; occurs during pregnancy and ususally returns to normal following birth |
| rapid acting insulin (within 15 min and lasts 4-6 hrs) | Humalog/insulin lispro, Novolog/insulin aspart, Apidra/insulin glulisine |
| short acting insulin (within 1 hr and lasts 6-10 hrs) | Humulin R, and Novolin R (all generically known as regular human insulin) |
| intermediate-acting insulin products (within 2 hrs and lasts 10-16 hrs) | Humulin N / NPH insulin; Novolin N |
| long acting insulin (within 3-4 hrs and lasts 14-24 hours) | Levemir or Levemir FlexPen / insulin detemir |
| long acting insulin (within 2-4 hrs and lasts up to 24 hrs) | Lantus or Lantus Solostar / insulin glargine |
Created by:
DbaileyC
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