Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Python
Python Concepts
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Type Function | It returns what data type is in use |
| Assignment | The process of storing a value in variable |
| Expression | A combination of numbers,symbols or other variables that produce a result when evaluated. |
| variable name | Must start with letter doesn't use special character |
| Implicit Conversion | The interpreter automatically converts one data type in to another |
| None | Special data type in python, used to indicate that things are empty or they returned nothing |
| Function Advantages | They help to resue code againa and again in a script |
| Refactoring | Writing readable and under stable clean code |
| Object Oriented Programming | Object oriented programming is a paradigm , where real world concepts are defined and represented by Classes e.g. Fruits is class and then apple and orange instance of class.An idea is defind can be defined using class |
| Attributes of class | Attributes are characteristics associated to a type, e.g summer,winter or dry fruit |
| Methods of class | Functions associated with type, jesa k hum class fruit me aik function bnayen jis ka kam ho optimum temperature find krna fruit k liye |
| Special methods in class | Special methods are represnted by __(name)__ and python internally call them to use, e.g len function uses special method of __len__ |
| dir() function | print all the attributes and methods of an object |
| type() function | Ye btata hai k value ki class kiya hai. |
| type(" ") | Ye batye ga k ye string class hai |
| upper() method | Ye method kisi bhi string value ko capital letters me convert kr deta hai. |
| isnumeric() | Ye method humen sirf binary me answer return krta hai ,, check krny k bad k string numbers hai ya nhi |
| help() | Is function ki madad se hum tamam tafseelat maloom kr sakty hain kisi bhi class ki |
| instance of class | name = class () |
| Defining a class | class : color = "" flavour="" |
| setting a attribute of class | instancename.attribute = "value" |
| Dot Notaion | Dot notation is waja se hum class k kisi bhi method ya attribute tak ponch sakty hain aur uski value set kr sakty and retrieve bhi kr sakty |
| methods in class | Kisi bhi object se koi action , jesa k aik instance organe hai aur us se hum ny orange juice bnana hai to hum method use kren gy |
| method in class syntax | def func_name (self) ..................... return self |
| how to use attribute inside method | Attribute ko agr method k andar istimal krna hai to self.attribute likhna hoga |
| instance variable | instance variable wo hoty hain jinki value mukhtalif hoti hai different instance k liye |
| constructor method | In constructor method we define attributes inside method function , so that we dont forget what are the attirbutes of a class, we can create the instance and attribute write away |
| Syntax of constructor method | def __init__(self,color,flavor ): self. color = color self.flavor = flavour |
| instance using constructor method | jonnagold = Apple ("red", "Sweet") |
| when str method in class is useful | str method is useful, when you have need to print instance. def __str__(Self) retur "This apple is sweet " |
| Doc string | Doc string is brief text which explain what something does """" write what you want to explain |
| STDIN | I/O stream for input |
| STDOUT | I/O stream for output |
| STDERR | STDERR displays output specifically for error messages. |
| I/O Streams | Ways to give programme and recive informnation from programme |
| SHell | Command line interface used to interact with operating system |
| echo | It is used to print text in linux shell |
| Environment Variables | Variables used inside the sheel environment are called environment variables |
| Command Line Arguments | These are parameters that are passed to a program when it started |
| Where Command line arguments stored | The list of arguments are stored in sys module |
| Exit status | The value returned by a program to the shell |
| wc command linux | It prints value of lines,word and characters for our pyhton script |
| Finish successfully code | echo $? |
| Unicode standard used to convert an array of bytes into a string | UTF-8 |
| copy | Awesome! Calling this method of the os.environ dictionary will copy the current environment variables to store and prepare a new environment. |
| Log Files | |
| None | In python variable with no value is none and its not the samething like 0 , its just that it has no value |
| Objects in Python | Objects are way of organizing code in python and break things down to make it easier to think about complex ideas |
| Why use classes and objects | |
| Edge Cases | Inputs to our code that produce unexpected results and are found at the extreme ends of ranges of input we imagine our programms will typically work with |
| Casting | Using casting we can change types by using key words , int,str,float but you cant reverse cast values . However it can be done when written inside quotes |
| immutable type | String is immutable type,you cannot change string content after creation |
| String Concatenation | Plus operator concatenates two strings |
| Extend List | existing list.extend(newlist or element ) will extend the existing list |
| Sort List | .sort() only works on integers or strings seperately but cannot sort them when the list contains combination of numbers and strings |
| Tuples | A tuple is similar to list but you create them with paranthesis instead of square brackets. A tuple is immutable while the list is mutable |
| Dictionaries | Dictionaries are usefull when we have to give structure to data , like name, favorite sports and place of living.These types are keys and can be used to change values |
| Show Keys of Dictionaires | Mydict.keys() will show all the keys in the dictionary |
| Difference between compiler and interpreter | Compilers take the entire source code and produce object code/executable code while the interpreter execute the code line by line. |
| iteration on file object | We can iterate over file object using open but cannot strip it for that we have to use strip.lines() which gives a list in return |
Created by:
moixxrox