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OABPOS1041Quiz 8

OABPOS1041 Lesson 8: The Supreme Court and the Judicial Branch

QuestionAnswer
The judicial branch of the U.S. federal government is established by ________ of the constitution. Article III
Another way to refer to the U.S. Supreme Court is the High Court
Which two tiers of the federal court system were established by the Judiciary Act of 1789? Check all that apply in the list below. District Courts Courts of Appeals
Federal Courts of Appeal and District Courts are considered inferior, or lower, federal courts. True
The three-tiered structure of the federal court system is represented by which of the following in the correct order of hierarchy, lowest level to highest level? District Courts → Courts of Appeal → Supreme Court
Another way to describe the common law legal system is judge-made law
When a judge looks to the decisions of previous cases when deciding a current case of a similar nature, the judge is said to be relying on precedent
When the Supreme Court ruled in June of 2015 that all state laws prohibiting same-sex marriage were unconstitutional, thus invalidating them and making same-sex marriage immediately legal in all 50 states, the Court was exercising its power of __________. judicial review
The two general types of legal cases that are heard in American courts are (check both that apply from the list below) criminal civil
A court's _________ determines the types of cases it can hear. jurisdiction
Nearly all federal legal cases are heard for the first time by ___________ because it is the court of original jurisdiction. a U.S. District Court
The state of Florida is part of the 11th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, which is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. If someone loses their legal case in a federal district court in Florida, then they have a right to have their case heard a second time by appellate
From the list of current Supreme Court justices below, select ALL of the justices who are considered conservatives. Clarence Thomas Samuel Alito John Roberts
The three women who are currently serving on the U.S. Supreme Court are: Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan
The current Supreme Court is called the Roberts Court because it is identified by the sitting Chief Justice
The first step in the process of someone becoming a justice of the U.S. Supreme Court is to be nominated by the president of the United States
All individuals nominated by the president to be a Supreme Court justice or a federal judge MUST also be confirmed by the U.S. Senate before they are able to serve in the position. True
The length of time Supreme Court justices and federal judges can serve in office after their appointments is unlimited
Someone who wants to have their case heard on appeal by the U.S. Supreme Court must first file an application asking the court to issue a _____________, which means ____________. writ of certiorari; to call up the records of their case from the lower court
The Supreme Court decides which cases to hear based on a process referred to as __________, and in recent years the Court hears ________ cases per year. Rule of Four; less than 100
A written brief submitted to the Court on behalf of a third party is referred to as a(an) _________ brief, which means ___________. amicus curiae friend of the court
The outcome of U.S. Supreme Court cases is decided by ________. a majority vote of its members
Judicial opinions are issued after a court's decision explaining the legal reasoning that was used by the judges in making their decision
The 11th Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals is considered to be part of the "Lower Courts" within the federal judicial structure. True
During the confirmation process for those nominated by the president to become a Supreme Court justice, a major step is to be interviewed and approved by the Senate Judiciary Committee
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