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Chronic Interstitial
chronic interstitial lung disease ch28
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Does it show a restrictive or obstructive pattern? | It can show as either or both. |
| During the chronic stage what characterizes the general infalmmatory responce? | Infiltration of numerous white blood cells and some fibroblasts in the alveolar walls and interstitial spaces. |
| What are the pathologic changes associated with chronic interstitial lung disease? | Fibrotic thickening of the resp. bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoliGranulomasDestruction of the alveoliand adjacent pulmonary capillariesHoneycombing and cavity formationAirway obstruction caused by inflammation and bronchial constriction |
| What is another name for extrinsic alveolitis? | Hypersensitivity pneumonitis. |
| What is extrinsic allergic alveolitis? | Immunologically mediated inflamation of the lungs caused by the inhalation of a variety of offending agents. |
| What is sarcodosis? | Multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. |
| What is/are the manifestations of the lung in sacoidosis? | Interstitial lung disease, enlargement of the mediastinal lymph nodes, or a combination of both. |
| How is sarcodosis diagnosed? | Usually based on the clinical presentation, followed by confirmation with a chest radiograph and histologic evidence obtaained by biopsy. |
| What is another name for eosinophilic granuloma? | Histiocystosis X |
| What characterizes eosinophilic granuloma? | Numerous small interstitial granulomas scattered throughout the lungs. |
| Who are more prone to get eosinophilic granuloma? | Smokers and ex-smokers between 20 and 40 years of age, and males more than females. |
| What is another name for pulmanary vasculitides? | Granulomatoius vasculitides. |
| What is pulmonary vasculitides? | Consists of a heterogeneous group of pulmonary disorders characterized by inflammation and destruction of the pulmonary vessels. |
| What characterizes Wegener's granulomatosis? | Necrotizing, granulomatous vasculitisFocal and segmental glomerulonephritisVariable degreeof systemic vasculitis of the small veins and arteries. |
| Wegner's granulomatosis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, and lymphomatoid granulomatosis fall under what category? | Pulmonary vasculitides. |
| What is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)? | Progressive inflamatory disease with varying degrees of fibrosis. |
| What will be seen in a severe case of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)? | honeycombing. |
| What is the etiology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)? | Unknown |
| What are the major entities of IPF? | Desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP) and usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). |
| What are the most prominent features of DIP? | hyperplasia and desqumation of the alveolar type II cells. |
| What happens with the alveolar spaces? | they get packed with macrophages, and there is an even distribution of the interstial mononuclear infiltrate. |
| What are the most prominent features of UIP? | Interstitial and alveolar thicknig caused by chronic inflammatory cells and fibrosis. |
| What happens in severe cases of UIP? | Fibrotic connective tissue replaces the alveolar walls, the alveolar architecture becomes distorted, and honeycombing develops. |
| Which has a better prognosis, DIP or UIP? | DIP |
| What causes death in UIP and DIP? | Progressive acute vetilatory failure, complicated y pulmonary infection. |
| What causes drug-induced interstitial lung diease? | Chemotherapeutc or cytotoxic agents. |
| What is the etiology of drug-induced interstitial lung disease? | Not known |
| How is drug-induced interstitial lung disease diagnosed? | open lung biopsy |
| What is another name for collagen vascular disease? | connective tissue disorder |
| What is a multisystem inflamatory disease that are immunologicaly mediated? | collagen vascular disease |
| How does rheumatoid arthritis involve the lungs? | 1)pleurisy with or without effusion2)interstitial pneumonitis3)necrobiotic nodules4)Caplan's syndrome5)pulmonary hypertension secondary to pulmonary vasculitis |
| What is another name for Caplan's syndrome? | rheumatoid pneumoconiosis. |
| What is systemic lupus erythematosus? | multi-system disorder that mainly involves the joints and skin. |
| What is/are the pulmonary manifestations of SLE? | 1)pleurisy with or without effusion2)atelectasis3)diffuse infiltrates and pneumonitis4)diffuse interstitial lung disease5)uremic pulmonary edema6)diapragmatic dysfunction7)infections |
| What is BOOP? | connective tissue plugs in the small airways |
| What is associated with BOOP? | connective tissue disease, toxic gas inhalation, and infection. |
| What are the clinical manifestations of chronic interstitial lung disease? | increased alveolar-capillary membrane thickness and bronchospasms |
| What is/are the clinical data obtained with chronic interstitial lung disease? | increaed RR, HR, cardiac output and BP. |
| What are the chest assessment finding with chronic interstitial lung disease? | increased tactile fremitus, dull percussion note, bronchial breath sounds, crackles, rhonchi, and wheezing, |
| What are the radiologic findings for chronic interstitial lung disease? | bilateral infiltrates, granulomas, cavity formation, honey-combing, airbronchgrams. |
Created by:
ruesca
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