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Pharmacologyalan
Pharmacology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| a) Pharmacology | branch of medicine concerned w. uses, effects, modes of action of drugs |
| b) Pharmokinetic | how body handles drug & process which determine the concentration of a drug in body over time (absorption, distribution, biotransformation, elimination) |
| c) Pharmodynamic | study of the actions of drugs on living tissues (drug effect on body - cellular level) |
| d) Untoward effects | -undesired effects of drug on body -side effect proves harmful to pt. |
| e) Orphan drugs | used specifically to treat a rare disease |
| f) Efficacy | produce therapeutic effect, initiate biological activity |
| g) Affinity | tendency of drug to combine w. specific drug receptor |
| h) Cross tolerance | tolerance to the effects of a certain drug produces tolerance to another drug |
| i) Bolus | single, (often times) large dose of medication |
| j) Cumulative action | drug administered in several doses, increase effect due to quantitative buildup. May result in toxic affects from repeated use |
| k) Depressant | medication that decreases or lessens a body function |
| l) Drug dependency | condition which a person cannot control drug intake, may be psychological, physiological, or both |
| m) Habituation | physical or psychological dependence of a drug. Drug is no longer taken for therapeutic effects, rather to avoid unwanted effects |
| n) Hypersensitivity | allergic reaction |
| o) Refractory | pts. or conditions that do not respond to a drug |
| p) Stimulant | drug that enhances of increases bodily function |
| q) Synergism | combined action of 2 drugs (to produce effect that neither one could alone) |
| r) Therapeutic action | desired, intended action |
| s) Therapeutic dose | range of plasma concentration of drug which produces desired effects without lethal toxic effects |
| t) Therapeutic threshold | minimum effective concentration of a drug in order to cause desired response |
| u) Tolerance | larger and larger doses of a drug to achieve therapeutic effect |
| v) Onset of action | interval btw. time a drug is administered and the first signs of effects |
| w) Duration of action | length of time that plasma concentration stays above the minimum effective level for therapeutic response |
| x) Peak concentration | highest plasma concentration achieved from a dose |
| y) Toxic dose | plasma concentration at which a drug produces serious side effects |
| z) Half life | time required for the body to fully eliminate 50% of a drug |
| aa) Tachyphlyaxis | quickly developing tolerance following repeat administrations over a short period of time |
| ab) Side effects | unavoidable, undesired effects (frequently seen even with therapeutic drug dosages) |
| ac) Indications | presenting Sx and/or Hx that supports administration of a drug |
| ad) Contraindications | presenting Sx and/or Hx that negate administration of a drug |
| ae) Idiosyncrasy | individual reaction to a drug which is unusually different from that seen in rest of pop. |
| af) Potentiation | 2 drugs taken together causing one drug to increase the other |
Created by:
alantfoote
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