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Psychology 100
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| psychological disorder | is a syndrome (a symptom collection) marked by a “clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior |
| biopsychosocial approach | Today’s psychology approach that focuses on how biological, psychological, and social-cultural factors interact to produce specific psychological disorders. |
| Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders | A guide to medical/ psychological diagnoses and treatment used by physicians and psychologists. |
| attention-deficit disorder | A child with is usually described as having a short attention span and as being distractible. Short attention span and the ease with which some children can be pulled off-task. Not being able to remain focused in all setting of life. |
| Schizophrenia | involves a range of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional symptoms, and it can be difficult to diagnose. Delusions (false thoughts), Hallucinations, disordered speech, Catatonic or incoherent behaviors |
| Language | Our spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning |
| Selective Mutism | is an anxiety disorder in which a person who is normally capable of speech cannot speak in specific situations or to specific people. |
| Intelligence | The mental potential to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations. Measured in an IQ test. |
| Intelligence Test | Method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others using numerical scores. |
| Aptitude Test | Tests designed to predict a person’s future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn. IQ Test |
| Achievement Test | Achievement tests: Tests designed to assess what a person has learned- ACT/SAT |
| Intellectual Disability | IQ 70 or lower |
| Intellectual Giftedness | IQ 130 or higher |
| Autism | is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. |
| Aspergers | This is on the milder end of the autism spectrum. A person with Asperger's may be very intelligent and able to handle her daily life. |
| Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | often fidgets with hands or feet or squirms in seat; leaves seat in classroom or in other situations in which remaining seated is expected; runs about or climbs excessively in situations in which it is inappropriate |
| Conduct Disorder | is a mental disorder diagnosed in childhood or adolescence that presents itself through a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate norms are violated. |
| Oppositional Defiant Disorder | Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders and defined as "a pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness" in children and adolescents.[ |
| Catatonic Schizophrenia | The predominant clinical features seen in the catatonic subtype of schizophrenia involve disturbances in a person’s movement. Affected people may exhibit a dramatic reduction in activity, |
| Paranoid schizophrenia | manifests itself in an array of symptoms. Common symptoms for paranoid schizophrenia include auditory hallucinations (hearing voices or sound effects) and paranoid delusions (believing everyone is out to cause the sufferer harm).[ |
| Disorganized schizophrenia | is thought to be an extreme expression of the disorganization syndrome and reality distortion |
| Delusional Disorder | refers to a condition in which an individual displays one or more delusions for one month or longer. If a person has this, functioning is generally not impaired and behavior is not obviously odd, with the exception of the delusion. |
| Erotomanic type | delusion that another person, often a prominent figure, is in love with the individual. The individual may breach the law as he/she tries to obsessively make contact with the desired person. |
| Grandiose type | delusion of inflated worth, power, knowledge, identity or believes themself to be a famous person, claiming the actual person is an impostor or an impersonator. |
| Jealous Type | delusion that the individual's sexual partner is unfaithful when it is untrue. The patient may follow the partner, check text messages, emails, phone calls etc. in an attempt to find "evidence" of the infidelity. |
| Somatic type | delusions that the person has some physical defect or general medical condition |
| Persecutory type | belief that the person is being malevolently treated in some way. The patient may believe that he/she has been drugged, spied upon, harmed, harassed and so on and may seek "justice" by making reports, taking action or even acting violently. |
| Brief Psychotic Disorder | The disorder is characterized by a sudden onset of psychotic symptoms, which may include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech or behavior, or catatonic behavior. |
| Mood Disorder | also known as mood affective disorders, is a group of conditions where a disturbance in the person's mood is the main underlying feature. |
| Anxiety Disorders | are a group of mental disorders characterized by significant feelings of anxiety and fear. Anxiety is a worry about future events or current events. These feelings may cause physical symptoms, such as a fast heart rate and shakiness. |
| Phobia’s | Person is intensely and irrationally afraid of a specific object, activity, or situation. |
| Obsessive Compulsive Disorder | Characterized by persistent and repetitive thoughts (obsessions), actions (compulsions), or both Occurs when obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors persistently interfere with everyday life and cause distress |
| Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder | Is characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or insomnia lingering for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder | Person is unexplainably and continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal. Worry continually, often jittery, on edge, and sleep deprived Lack of concentration on a task |
| Separation Anxiety Disorder | is diagnosed when symptoms are excessive for the developmental age and cause significant distress in daily functioning. Symptoms may include: Recurrent and excessive distress about anticipating or being away from home or loved ones |
| Major Depressive Disorder | is a mental disorder characterized by at least two weeks of low mood that is present across most situations. It is often accompanied by low self-esteem, loss of interest in normally enjoyable activities, low energy, and pain without a clear cause. |
| Panic disorder | Person experiences panic attacks, sudden episodes of intense dread, and fears, person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations. Often followed by worry over a possible next attack |
| Social anxiety disorder | is an intense fear of other people’s negative judgments. |
| Specific phobias | include a fear of particular animals, insects, heights, blood, or closed spaces. |
| Bipolar disorder | alternates between depression and overexcited hyperactivity |
| Mania | A hyperactive, wildly optimistic state in which dangerously poor judgment is common |
Created by:
mmcneely
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