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Geography
Grade 9 Ontario Canada
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are minerals? | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. There are more than 2000 types of minerals. |
| What are uses for the mineral Diamond? | -cutting hard materials by using it in blades or drill bits -jewellery |
| What are uses for the mineral Flourite? | Toothpaste, mouthwash, drinking |
| What are uses for the mineral Talc? | baby powder/foot powder |
| What are uses for the mineral Gypson? | Drywall |
| What makes a mineral a mineral? | A) Solid under normal conditions B) Naturally occurring C) Inorganic D) Fixed chemical formula E) Atoms that arranged in order of crystalline structure |
| The physical properties of a mineral result from what? | The internal arrangement of atoms |
| The most abundant elements in the Earth's crust by far are? | A) Oxygen B) Silicon which is 75% of the earths crust |
| What are silicates? | Common minerals formed that contain oxygen and silicon |
| What are examples of silicates? | A) Quartz -only silicone & oxygen atoms used in decoration, electronics, fibre optics B) Feldspar - mostly silicon & oxygen used in paint, ceramics, shine C) Mica - mostly silicon & oxygen with weak structure, peels in layers, translucent, fireproof |
| What are the four layers of Earth? | A) Crust B) Mantle C) Astestisphere D) Inner and outer core |
| Describe the Earth's crust? | Thinnest layer, solid, igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks |
| Describe the Earths mantle? | Thickest layer, layer of silicate rock, solid |
| Describe the Earth's Astetosphere? | Highly viscous, rocks of plastic (solid), weakest layer |
| Describe the Earth's Outer and Inner Core | Outer core is a fluid layer made out of iron and nickle Inner core is a solid ball made mostly of iron |
| What are the 13 major plates that make up the Earth's crust? | 1.Pacific 2. North American 3. Eurasian 4. Local 5. Caribbean 6. Agean 7. Nazca 8. South American 9. African 10. Indo-Australian 11. Antarctic plate 12. Cocos 13. Juan de Fuca |
| What are the five themes of Geography? Give them examples of each? | 1. Location - Where on a map 2. Place - What is it like there 3. Human environment - How do people adapt to changes / depend on environment 4. Region - What areas have common characteristics 5. Movement - How do people, goods, and ideas get around |
| Time Zone Fact 1: The earth rotates how many times a day? | once |
| Time Zone Fact 2: What is the circumference of the earth? | 360 degrees |
| Time Zone Fact 3: What are the six Canadian time zone? | 1. Newfoundland 2. Atlantic 3. Eastern 4. Central 5. Mountain 6. Pacific |
| Time Zone Fact 4: How many degrees do time zones have from East to West. | 15 degrees of longitude from East to West. |
| Time Zone Fact 5: How many time zones does the world have? | 24 |
| Time Zone Fact 6: Standard time starts at what degree of longitude? | 0 degrees of longitude, running through Greenwich England. This is called the Greenwich meridian or the prime meridian. |
| Time Zone Fact 7: Standard time was developed by what Canadian? | Sir Sanford Fleming |
| Time Zone Fact 8: Most Canadian provinces have a one hour time difference except for which province? | Newfoundland standard time |
| Location in relation to the five themes of Geography asks us: | Where is it on a map? Where is it? |
| Place in relation to the five themes of Geography asks us: | What is it like there? Are there land forms like mountains or bodies of water? |
| Human Environment in relation to the five themes of Geography asks us: | How do people adapt, change or depend on the environment? -natural events -man made structures such as bridges or reservoirs -the clothing and housing that people live in are all examples of human environment and how we adapt, either it or us. |
| Region in relation to the five themes of Geography asks us: | What areas have common characteristics? -Same kind of forest (tree types) as another place located elsewhere -Similar governmental policies as another place located elsewhere |
| Movement in relation to the five themes of Geography asks us: | How do people, goods and idea's get around? -transportation such as city bus, freight train, or boats in port -internet access, email and social media |
| What are the major lines of latitude and longitude? | A) Equator B) Antarctic circle C)Tropic of Cancer D) Prime Meridian E)Tropic of Capricorn F)Arctic circle |
| What is the province with the largest area? | Quebec |
| What is the province with the smallest population? | Prince Edward Island |
| What is the province closest to Asia? | British Columbia |
| What is the province located furthest East ? | Newfoundland |
| What is another name for lines of latitude? | meridians |
| What is another name for lines of longitude? | parallels |
| The line of longitude located at 0 degrees is called what? | Prime Meridian |
| All lines of longitude cross where? | The poles |
| The super continent of Pangea broke up and became what two land masses? | Laurasia and Gondwanaland |
| At a transform fault, plates are doing what? | Sliding past each other |
| Why did the Hawaiian Islands form? | Because of a hot spot under the pacific plate |
| What are the three typical soil profiles? | 1. Horizon A - takes long time to form, darker, organically rich 2. Horizon B - Mix of organic and parent material, light 3. Horizon C - Minerals to form soil (bed rock) |
| When there is thin top soil what can you expect? | decreased nutrients and less vegetation You can still grow things but you will need a fertilizer |
| How do nutrients enter soil? | Rain water percolates through the top soil and dissolves the nutrients with it, carrying them downward. |
| humus is rich in minerals which helps things grow. What is the colour of soil rich in humus? A) Brown B) Black C) Grey | B) Black |
| Vegetation rich in humus would be... A) Grassland B) Boreal Taiga C) Tundra | A)Grassland |
| What is the Western Cordillera? | Mountain chain |
| What is mixed forest? | coniferous and deciduous trees |
| Define deciduous forest | - Biome - Loses and grows leaves seasonally |
| What is the land form region shaped like a saucer? | Canadian Shield |
| Land form region containing the rocky mountains | Western Cordillera |
| What is natural vegetation? | Plants that grow without human interference |
| What are the 7 natural vegetation regions? | 1) Tundra 2) Boreal Taiga 3) Mixed forest 4) Deciduous forest 5) Grasslands 6) Cordilleran 7) West Coast Forests |
| What is sod mat? | Deep intertwining of root systems which absorbs moisture and keeps soil in place. |
| What do plants do in the tundra? | Keep themselves small in order to protect themselves from the harsh climate - very little humus. |
| In the tundra is the growing season short or long? Why? | short, because of the permafrost. |
| What is permafrost? | Covers most of the tundra, layer of frost/ice beneath soil |
| Describe the boreal and taiga forest | -largest vegetation region -south of tundra, seperated by treeline -mostly coniferous trees -Grey soil, very little humus -cold climate, short growing season |
Created by:
Tessamae
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