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MoveSci 110

Biomechanics 1

superior towards the head (above)
infereior towards the feet (below)
anterior towards the front of body (in front of)
posterior towards the back of body (behind)
medial towards midline of body (inner side)
lateral away from midline of body (outer side)
proximal closer to trunk
distal farther from trunk
compression pushing together
tension pulling apart
shear right angle loading acting in opposite directions
torsion angular load (twisting)
bending one side of the material experiences tension and the other compression
Wolff's Law bone grows to resist loads placed on it because it's adaptive and builds in the direction of functional forces
elbow bones humerus, radius, ulna
knee bones femur, tibia, patella
ankle bones fibula, tibia, talus, lateral malleolus
wrist bones carpals, radius, ulna
thumb bones carpals, trapezium, metacarpal
hip bones hip, femur
shoulder bones scapula, clavicle, humerus
neck bones axis, atlas
transverse axis? vertical axis
frontal axis? antero-posterior
sagittal axis? medio-lateral
flexion starting at anatomical and moving away
extension moving back towards anatomical
plantar flexion "planting" toes in ground
dorsiflexion planting toes back at yourself
sagittal plane joint movements flexion, extension
abduction movement away from midline
adduction movement towards midline
radial deviation movement towards the radius
ulnar deviation movement towards the ulna
inversion "in"ternal movement of the foot
eversion "e"xternal movement of the foot
movements in the frontal plane abduction, adduction
horizontal adduction movement towards midline
horizontal abduction movement away from midline
supination rotate laterally (soup bowl)
pronation rotate medially
transverse plane joint movements supination, pronation
Skeletal Functions 1. protect vital organs 2. support and maintain posture 3. movement by serving as points of attachment for muscles and acting as levers 4. storage for minerals (calcium and phosphorus) 5. hematopoiesis (red blood cell formation)
Ball and Socket Joint Movements flexion/extension, supination/pronation, abduction/adduction
Ball and Socket Joint Examples shoulder and hip
Hinge Joint Movements flexion/extension
Hinge Joint Examples knee, elbow, ankle
pivot joint movements pronation/supination
pivot joint examples elbow, neck
condyloid joint movements flexion/extension, abduction/adduction
condyloid joint examples wrist
saddle joint movements flexion/extension, abduction/adduction
saddle joint examples thumb
Created by: Pixiprince
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