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SOL PS 6-9
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| potential energy | the energy an object has because of its position or its chemistry |
| kinetic energy | energy that an object has due to its motion |
| mechanical energy | the energy of moving objects, can be potential or kinetic |
| chemical energy | a form of potential energy that is stored in chemical bonds between atoms |
| electrical energy | the energy of electric charges |
| thermal energy | heat |
| radiant energy | light, electromagnetic |
| nuclear energy | potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom |
| conversion | changing from one form of energy to another, transformation |
| Celsius | the temperature scale on which water freezes at 0 and boils at 100 |
| Kelvin | the temperature scale on which 0 is the point at which no more energy can be removed from matter, absolute zero |
| absolute zero | the temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter |
| heat | the transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object |
| temperature | a measure of the average energy of motion of the particles of a substance |
| conduction | the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact |
| convection | the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a fluid, forms a current |
| radiation | the transfer of thermal energy by rays or waves |
| wavelength | the distance between two like parts of a wave, crest to crest |
| frequency | the number of complete waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time |
| amplitude | the height of a transverse wave from the center to a crest or trough |
| rarefaction | the part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are far apart |
| compression | the part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together |
| resonance | the increase in the amplitude of a vibration |
| sonar | a system that uses reflected sound waves to locate and determine the distance to objects under water |
| transverse waves | a wave that moves the medium at right angels to the direction that the wave travels |
| crest | the highest part of a transverse wave |
| trough | the lowest part of a transverse wave |
| refraction | the bending of waves as they enter a new medium caused by a change in speed |
| electromagnetic spectrum | gamma, x-rays, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, radio, and micro waves in order of increasing frequency |
| plane mirror | a flat mirror that produces an upright image the same size as the object |
| concave mirror | a mirror with a surface the curves inward |
| convex mirror | a mirror with a surface the curves outward |
| diffraction | the bending or spreading of waves as they move around a barrier or pass through an opening |
| interference | the interaction between waves that meet |
| mechanical wave | requires a medium to travel |
| longitudinal wave | vibrates the medium in the same direction in which the wave travels |
| surface wave | travels along a surface that separates two mediums |
Created by:
sford
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