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SALT - Module 1-8
SALT - AP Physical Science Module 1-8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atom | The smallest chemical unit of matter |
| Molecule | Two or more atoms linked together to make a substance with unique properties |
| Concentration | The quantity of a substance within a certain volume |
| Humidity | The moisture content of air |
| Absolute humidity | The mass of water vapor contained in a certain volume of air |
| Relative humidity | The ratio of the mass of water vapor in the air at a given temperature to the maximum mass of water vapor the air could hold at that temperature, expressed as a percentage. |
| Greenhouse effect | The process by which certain gases (principally water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane) trap heat that radiates from earth |
| Atmosphere | The mass of air surrounding a planet |
| Barometer | An instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure |
| Homosphere | The lower layer of earth’s atmosphere, which exists from ground level to roughly 80 kilometers (50 miles) above sea level |
| Heterosphere | The upper layer of earth’s atmosphere, which exists higher than roughly 80 kilometers (50 miles) above sea level |
| Jet streams | Narrow bands of high-speed winds that circle the earth, blowing from west to east |
| Heat | Energy that is transferred as a consequence of temperature differences |
| Atmospheric pressure | The pressure exerted by the atmosphere on all objects within it. |
| Polar molecule | A molecule that has slight positive and negative charges due to an imbalance in the way electrons are shared |
| Solvent | A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances |
| Solute | A substance that is dissolved in a solvent |
| Solution | formed when you dissolve a solute in a solvent |
| Cohesion | The phenomenon that occurs when individual molecules are so strongly attracted to each other that they tend to stay together, even when exposed to tension |
| Hydrosphere | The sum of all water on a planet |
| Transpiration | Evaporation of water from plants |
| Condensation | The process by which a gas turns into a liquid |
| Adiabatic cooling | The cooling of a gas that happens when the gas expands with no way of getting more energy |
| Sedimentary rock | Rock formed when chemical reactions cement sediments together, hardening them |
| Igneous rock | Rock that forms from molten rock |
| Metamorphic rock | Igneous or sedimentary rock that has been changed into a new kind of rock as a result of great pressure and temperature |
| Plastic rock | Rock that behaves like something between a liquid and a solid |
| Fault | The boundary between two sections of rock that can move relative to one another |
| Epicenter | The point on the surface of the earth directly above an earthquake’s focus |
| Aphelion | The point at which the earth is farthest from the sun |
| Perihelion | The point at which the earth is closest to the sun |
| Coriolis effect | The way in which the rotation of the earth bends the path of winds, sea currents, and objects that fly through different latitudes |
| Air mass | A large body of air with relatively uniform pressure, temperature, and humidity |
| Updraft | A current of rising air |
| Insulator | A substance that does not conduct electricity very well |
Created by:
kbtarheelgirl
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