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Logic 1 Chapter 5
Memoria Press 2nd Edition for GRACE
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the definition of judgement? | the mental act by which the intellect unites by affirming or separates by denying |
| What is the verbal expression of judgement? | Proposition |
| What is the definition of proposition? | a sentence or statement which expresses truth or falsity |
| In formal logic, how many basic categorical propositions are there? | there are four statements of logic |
| What are the four basic categorical propositions? | A: All S is P I: Some S is P E: No S is P O: Some S is not P |
| What are the letters that we used to represent each of these propositions? | A, I, E, O |
| Why is "Some S is P" called an A statement? | "A" stands for the first vowel in the Latin word affirmo, the latin verb for affirm. |
| Why is "Some S is P" called an I Statement? | "I" stands for the second vowel in Latin word affirmo, the latin verb for affirm. |
| Why is "No S is P" called an E Statement? | "E" stands for the first vowel in the latin word Neg, the latin word for 'negate,' a form of the word 'negative'. |
| Why is "Some S is not P" called an O statement? | "O" stands for the second vowel in the Latin word Nego |
| All men are mortal; All cars are fast; all boys are rude; All girls are pretty; are examples of which statement of logic? | Examples of an A statement |
| Some men are mortal; Some cars are fast; Some boys are rude; Some girls are pretty; are examples of which statement of logic? | Examples of an I statement |
| No men are mortal; No cars are fast; No boys are rude; No girls are pretty; are examples of which statement of logic? | Examples of an E statement |
| Some men are not mortal; Some cars are not fast; Some boys are not rude; Some girls are not pretty; are examples of which statement of logic? | Examples of an O statement |
| In addition to the subject-term, the predicate-term, and the copula, what is the fourth component of a categorical proposition? | The quantifier |
| What are the four quantifiers used in categorical statements? | All, Some, No, and Some...not |
| What are the 2 characteristics of categorical statements? | Quality and quantity |
| With what does the quality of a proposition have to do? | The quality of a proposition has to do with whether it is affirmative or negative. |
| What are we asking when we ask, "What is the quality of this statement?' | Whether it is affirmative or negative |
| What do we mean when we say that a proposition is affirmative? | We mean that something is affirmed about the subject of the sentence. |
| What do we mean when we say that a proposition is negative? | We mean that something is denied about the subject of the sentence. |
| With what does the quantity of a proposition have to do? | The quantity of a proposition has to do with whether it is universal or particular. |
| What are we asking when we ask, "What is the quantity of this statement?" | We are asking whether it is universal or particular. |
| What do we mean when we say that a proposition is universal? | We mean that the proposition says something about all the members of the class referred to by the subject of the proposition. |
| What do we mean when we say that a proposition is particular? | We mean that the proposition says something about only some of the members of this class referred to by the subject of the proposition. |
| What is the rule for distinguishing universal statements? | The general rule for statements that do not contain a quantifier is that "all" is intended unless "some" is clearly indicated. |
| What is the best way to change a sentence that is not in logical form into one that is in logical form? | By reworking the predicate-copula portion of the sentence. |
| Statements in which the subject-term is the name of a person and a certain individual is meant? | Singular statements |
| Are statements in which the subject-term is the name of a certain individual universal or particular? | Statements in which the subject-term is the name of a certain individual are universal, since they refer to all the members of the class referred to by the name, even though that class happens to be made up of only one person. |
| What categorical proposition is: "All S is P"? | A statement |
| What categorical proposition is: "Some S is P"? | I statement |
| What categorical proposition is: "No S is P"? | E statement |
| What categorical proposition is: "Some S is not P"? | O statement |
| Which 2 propositions/statements affirm something about the subject? | A and I statements |
| Which 2 propositions/statements deny something about the subject? | E and O statements |
| Which 2 propositions/statements are universal? | A and E statements |
| Which 2 propositions/statements are particular? | I and O statements |
| A proposition that is Affirmative & Universal is called. | A statement |
| A proposition that is Affirmative & Particular is called. | I statement |
| A proposition that is Negative & Universal is called. | E statement |
| A proposition that is Negative & Particular is called. | O statement |
Created by:
ticherie03