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PSY 101 Ch. 1
Study Guide for Chapter 1
What is a discipline? | A field of study |
How do you know if a discipline is a science? | Not by WHAT it studies, but by HOW it studies it. |
Is Psychology an academic discipline? | Yes. It studies the nature of being human |
Is Psychology a science? | Yes. It uses the method of scientific inquiry to research human conduct. |
What is the Method of Scientific Inquiry? | The scientific method is a way to ask and answer research questions by making observations and doing experiments. |
Why Study Psychology? | In order to better understand, explain and facilitate human conduct. |
What is Psychology? | A scientific study of behavior and mental processes |
In the history of psychology there are three major paradigm shifts: | First we study the mind, then behavior, and cognition |
The saying “mind over matter” reflects a philosophical view that the mind and body are separate. This view is called ________, which is associated with __________. | dualism; Descartes |
“By constructing introspection experiments, his aim was to understand the most basis elements of the mind. He wanted to do for psychology what he did for chemistry, lectures a professor. To whom is the professor MOST likely referring? | Edward Titchener |
Which statement BEST expresses the aim of functionalism? | It seeks to understand the purpose of the mind. |
How many grand theories are there in psychology? | 8 |
What are the grand theories? | Psychoanalytic, Behaviorism, Humanistic, Cognitive, Evolutionary, Biological, Sociocultural, Biopsychosocial |
Who founded Psychology? | Wilhem Wundt |
The process psychologist use to conduct research is called _____________, which leads to what kind of evidence? | the scientific method; empirical |
Descriptive statistics: | present a set of data |
Inferential statistics help researcher determine the probability of future occurrences. In this way, inferential statistics help psychologists attain the goal of: | explanation |
Which step in the scientific method is CORRECTLY paired with its corresponding activity? | Analyzing data – The researcher determines whether the results support the hypothesis. |
Three major research designs | Descriptive, Correlational, Experimental |
Descriptive | What it is |
Correlational | Relationship, or association, between variables |
Experimental | Cause & Effect |