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C- Operant Therapies
Focuses on behaviors which operate or act upon the environment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Operant Therapies: | Focuses on behaviors which operate or act upon the environment with the goal of obtaining some response. Operant conditioning relies on the learner to actively participate in the learning process. |
| Positive Reinforcement: | Increases occurrence of behavior by positively reinforcing it. For instance, giving a child food after he cries. |
| Shaping: | Reinforcing successive approximations to the desired response. For instance, giving students more praise the closer they get to the right answer. |
| Token Economy: | Establishing an environment in which desirable behaviors are reinforced with tokens, which are later traded for a desired item. (Think of Boys Town – Saturday Night Trade-in for points) |
| Time-Out: | A technique of decreasing maladaptive behavior by removing access to various forms of reinforcement. (Time-out = decrease behavior. Extinction = Eliminate behavior.) |
| Extinction: | Removing all reinforcement for a specific behavior so that the behavior will cease. |
| Premack Principle: | More probable behaviors can be used to reinforce less probable behaviors. Students will be more motivated to perform a particular activity if they know that they will be able to partake of a more desirable activity as a consequence. Vegatables = Ice Cream |
| Contingency Contracts: | Written formal agreement that clearly defines the behaviors to be modified and the consequences following performance. |
| Self-Control Procedures: | A variety of techniques which the client administers themselves. Commonly used to increase positive behaviors that occur infrequently and to decrease self-injurious behaviors. |
| Operant TAG: | Personally and Actively Changing Behavior by Reinforcement |
Created by:
minyambou
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