Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Drug Categories
Drug Categories and Actions for Commonly Prescribed Drugs
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Analgesic | Relieves mild to severe pain Acetaminophen (Tylenol®); acetylsalicylic acid, or aspirin; morphine sulfate (MS Contin®)*; oxycodone HCl (Oxycontin®) |
| Anesthetic | Prevents sensation of pain (generally, locally, or topically) Lidocaine HCl (Xylocaine®, Lidoderm®)*; tetracaine HCl (Pontocaine®) |
| Antacid / antiulcer | Neutralizes stomach acid Calcium carbonate (Tums®); esomeprazole (Nexium®)*; lansoprazole (Prevacid®); pantoprazole sodium (Protonix®) |
| Anthelmintic | Kills, paralyzes, or inhibits the growth of parasitic worms Mebendazole (Vermox®); pyrantel pamoate (Combantrin®, Antiminth®) |
| Antidysrythmic (antiarrhythmic) | Normalizes heartbeat in cases of certain cardiac arrhythmias Disopyramide phosphate (Norpace®); propafenone HCl (Rythmol®); propranolol HCl (Inderal®) |
| Antiasthmatic | Treats or prevents asthma attacks Montelukast (Singulair®)*; fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (Advair Diskus®)*; albuterol (ProAir HFA®) |
| Antibiotics (antibacterial) | Kills bacterial microorganisms or inhibits their growth Amoxicillin (Amoxil®)*; azithromycin (Zithromax®)*; cefprozil (Cefzil®); ciprofloxacin (Cipro®)*; clarithromycin (Biaxin® XL); clindamycin (Cleocin®) |
| Anticholinergic | Blocks parasympathetic nerve impulses Atropine sulfate (Isopto® Atropine); dicyclomine HCl (Bentyl®); ipratropium (Atrovent®) |
| Anticoagulant | Prevents blood from clotting Enoxaparin sodium (Lovenox®); heparin sodium (Hep-Lock®); warfarin sodium (Coumadin®) |
| Anticonvulsant | Relieves or controls seizures (convulsions) Clonazepam (Klonopin®)*; divalproex (Depakote®); phenobarbital sodium (Luminol® Sodium); phenytoin (Dilantin®) |
| Antidepressant (four types) | Relieves depression |
| Tricyclic | Amitriptyline HCl (Elavil); doxepin HCl (Sinequan®) |
| Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) | Phenelzine sulfate (Nardil®); tranylcypromine sulfate (Parnate®) |
| Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) | Escitalopram (Lexapro®)*; fluoxetine HCl (Prozac®); paroxetine (Paxil®)*; sertraline HCl (Zoloft®) |
| Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) | Venlafaxine HCl (Effexor XR®)*; duloxetine HCl (Cymbalta®) |
| Antidiabetic | Treats diabetes by reducing glucose Metformin (Glucophage®)*; glipizide (Glucotrol®) pioglitazone HCl (Actos®)*; insulin glargine (Lantus®) |
| Antidiarrheal | Relieves diarrhea Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol®); kaolin and pectin mixtures (Kaopectate®); loperamide HCl (Imodium®) |
| Antiemetic * Anti-inflammatory (two types) Reduces inflammation Nonsteroidal (NSAIDs) Naproxen (Aleve)*; colchicine* (Colcrys®); ibuprofen (Motrin®, Advil®)*; celecoxib (Celebrex®)* Steroids Dexamethasone (Decadron®); methylprednisolo | Prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting Prochlorperazine (Compazine®); promethazine (Phenergan®); trimethobenzamide HCl (Tigan®) |
| Antifungal | Kills or inhibits growth of fungi Amphotericin B (Fungizone®); fluconazole (Diflucan®)*; nystatin (Mycostatin®); terbinafine (Lamisil®)Kills or inhibits growth of fungi |
| Antihistamine | Counteracts effects of histamine and relieves allergic symptoms Cetirizine HCl (Zyrtec®); diphenhydramine HCl (Benadryl®); fexofenadine (Allegra®); desloratadine (Clarinex®) |
| Antihypertensive | Reduces blood pressure Amlodipine (Norvasc®); diltiazem HCl (Cartia XL®); quinapril (Prinivil®); metoprolol succinate (Toprol-XL®); valsartan (Diovan®) |
| Anti-inflammatory (two types) | Reduces inflammation |
| Nonsteroidal (NSAIDs) | Naproxen (Aleve)*; colchicine* (Colcrys®); ibuprofen (Motrin®, Advil®)*; celecoxib (Celebrex®)* |
| Steroids | Dexamethasone (Decadron®); methylprednisolone (Medrol®)*; prednisone (Deltasone™)*; triamcinolone (Kenalog®) |
| Antilipemic (antilipidemic) | Lowers blood lipids such as triglycerides Gemfibrozil (Lopid®); atorvastatin (Lipitor®)*; fenofibrate (TriCor®)*; ezetimibe/simvastatin (Vytorin®)*; ezetimibe (Zetia®)*; rosuvastatin (Crestor®)* |
| Antineoplastic | Prevents or inhibits the growth of cancer Bleomycin sulfate (Blenoxane®); dactinomycin (Cosmegen®); paclitaxel (Taxol®); tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex®) |
| Antipsychotic | Controls psychotic symptoms Chlorpromazine HCl (Thorazine®); clozapine (Clozaril®); haloperidol (Haldol®); risperidone (Risperdal®)*; thioridazine HCl (Mellaril®) |
| Antipyretic | Reduces fever Acetaminophen (Tylenol®); acetylsalicyclic acid, or aspirin |
| Antiseptic | Inhibits growth of microorganisms Isopropyl alcohol; 70% povidone-iodine (Betadine®); chlorhexidine gluconate (PerioChip®) |
| Antitussive | Inhibits cough reflex Codeine; dextromethorphan hydrobromide (component of Robitussin® DM) |
| Bronchodilator | Dilates bronchi (airways in the lungs) Albuterol (Proventil®)*; epinephrine (Epinephrine Mist); salmeterol (Serevent®); tiotropium bromide (Spiriva®)* |
| Cathartic (laxative) | Induces defecation, alleviates constipation Bisacodyl (Dulcolax®); casanthranol (Peri-Colace®); magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia®) |
| Contraceptive | Reduces risk of pregnancy Ethinyl estradiol and norgestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen®); norethindrone and ethinyl estradiol (Loestrin® 24 Fe)* norgestrel (Ovrette®) |
| Decongestant | Relieves nasal swelling and congestion Oxymetazoline HCl (Afrin®); phenylephrine HCl (Neo-Synephrine®); pseudoephedrine HCl (Sudafed®) |
| Diuretic | Increases urine output, reduces blood pressure and cardiac output Bumetanide (Bumex®); furosemide (Lasix®)*; hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL®)*; mannitol (Osmitrol®); spironolactone (Aldactone®) |
| Expectorant | Liquefies mucus in bronchi; allows expectoration of sputum, mucus, and phlegm Guaifenesin (Mucinex®) |
| Hemostatic | Controls or stops bleeding by promoting coagulation Aminocaproic acid (Amicar®); phytonadione or vitamin K1 (Mephyton®); thrombin (Thrombogen) |
| Hormone replacement | Replaces or resolves hormone deficiency Insulin (Humulin®) for pancreatic deficiency; levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid®)* for thyroid deficiency; conjugated estrogens (Premarin Tabs®)* |
| Hypnotic (sleep-inducing) or sedative | Induces sleep or relaxation (depending on drug potency and dosage) Chloral hydrate (Noctec®); secobarbital sodium (Seconal® Sodium); zolpidem (Ambien®)* |
| Muscle relaxant | Relaxes skeletal muscles Carisoprodol (Rela or Soma®); cyclobenzaprine HCl (Flexeril®)* |
| Mydriatic | Constricts vessels of eye or nasal passage, raises blood pressure, dilates pupil of eye in ophthalmic preparations Atropine sulfate (Atropisol) for ophthalmic use; phenylephrine HCl (Alcon Efrin) for ophthalmic use or (Neo-Synephrine®) for nasal use |
| Stimulant (central nervous system) | Increases activity of brain and other organs, decreases appetite Amphetamine sulfate (Benzedrine); caffeine (No-Doz®); also a component of many analgesic formulations and coffee |
| Vasoconstrictor | Constricts blood vessels, increases blood pressure Dopamine HCl (Intropin); norepinephrine bitartrate (Levophed®) |
| Vasodilator | Dilates blood vessels, decreases blood pressure Enalopril (Vasotec®); lisinopril (Prinivil®)*; nitroglycerin (Nitrostat®, NitroQuick®) |
Created by:
atluna
Popular Pharmacology sets