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C.PSYC UNIT 4 2021
Mr. Stickler's Liberty Christian Hnrs. Cog. Psych. Unit 4 Quiz Flashcards 2021
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the term "working memory" mean/ refer to? | "Brief immediate memory". Lasts about 30 seconds and is limited to 7 items or less. |
| What does the term "short - term memory" mean/ refer to? | This term is just another way to say "working memory". |
| What does the term "long - term memory" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to the memory that contains your memory for experiences and information that you have accumulated throughout your life. It lasts indefinitely. |
| What does the term "chunk" mean where memory is concerned? | This is the term given to the basic unit of memory. It contains several, strongly associated. |
| What does Miller's research show us about short - term memory capacity? | His research shows us that short - term memory is limited to either 7 individual items or 7 "chunks" of information. |
| Give an example of how "chunking" is used in our every day lives. | One example of this is phone numbers. These 10 - number combinations are arranged into three, three - to - four number "chunks" to help us remember them more easily. |
| What does the term "rehearsal" mean/ refer to where memory is concerned? | This term refers to repeating information over and over silently to help move it from your short - term memory to your long - term memory. |
| What is the "serial - position effect"? | This is the term used to refer to the U - shaped relationship between a word's position in a list and its probability of a person's ability to recall it. |
| What is the "recency effect"? | This is the term used to describe the phenomena related to a person's ability to recall items at the end of a list better than items at the beginning and middle of a list. |
| What is the "primacy effect"? | This is the term used to describe the phenomena related to a person's ability to recall items at the beginning of a list better than items in the middle of the list. |
| What is one (1) way that we can use research on the "primacy" and "recency" effects in our lives. | One way that we can apply this information is when giving a speech. Make sure to places things that you really want your audience to remember either at the beginning or end of your speech. |
| What does the term "semantics" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to "the meaning of words and sentences". |
| What does the term "proactive interference" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to the phenomena that occurs when people have trouble learning new material because previously learned material keeps interfering with new learning. |
| What does the term "control processes" mean/ refer to? | This refers to intentional strategies (such as rehearsal) that people use to improve their memory. |
| Who came up with the idea of "control processes"? | Researchers Atkinson and Shiffrin developed this idea. |
| What does the "working - memory approach" state where memory research is concerned. | This theory states that our immediate memory is a "multi-part system" that temporarily holds and manipulates information while we perform cognitive tasks. |
| What does the term "phonological loop" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to the cognitive system that processes the sounds you hear and the sounds you make. |
| What is "subvocalization"? | This is the term that describes when a person silently pronounces the words they are saying. |
| What does the term "acoustic confusions" refer to? | This refers to the phenomena that occurs when people confuse similar - sounding stimuli. |
| What is "Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)"? | This is a neuroscience technique that uses a magnetic field to briefly stimulate a specific location on the cortex. |
| What does the term "visuospatial sketchpad" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to the part of our brains that processes both visual and spatial information. |
| Give one (1) example of a way we use our "visuospatial sketchpad" in everyday life. | One way that we use this is when we track moving objects while we are driving. |
| What does the "central executive" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to the part of our brain that integrates information from the "phonological loop", the "visuospatial sketchpad", the "episodic buffer", and long - term memory. |
| What does the term "episodic buffer" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to the "temporary storehouse" that holds and combines information from our "phonological loop", "visuospatial sketchpad", and long - term memory. |
| What does the term "ruminative style" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to the tendency for people living with major depression to worry about all the things that are wrong in their lives. |
| What does research related to people living with major depression and memory functioning suggest? | This research supports the idea that people living with this disorder have difficulty with some working - memory tasks. |
| What did researchers Baddeley and Hitch's research related to performing verbal and spatial tasks simultaneously suggest? | Their research suggests that people can perform a verbal task and a spatial task simultaneously with minimal reduction in speed or accuracy on either task. |
| Which area of the brain is activated when people perform phonological tasks? | The left hemisphere (including the frontal lobe) and the parietal lobes of the brain are activated during these tasks. |
| List three (3) examples of things that activate the "phonological loop". | 1.) Self - instruction; 2.) learning new words; 3.) solving problems. |
| What does research show regarding people who have high working - memory scores? | Research on this shows that people with scores like these have higher intelligence (the better their score is), higher grades in school, are better readers, and are more verbally fluent. |
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