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PS Chapter 2:Matter

Leach Physical Science Chapter 2: Matter

TermDefinition
matter Anything that has mass and occupies space.
law of definite proportions The law that states that the masses of chemical substances combine in definite, characteristic integer ratios when forming compounds.
particle model of matter A model that states that all physical matter exists in the form of particles.
atom The building block of all matter consisting of protons, electrons and usually neutrons.
molecule A particle consisting o two or more atoms covalently bonded together.
mass The measure of the amount of matter in an object.
volume The space enclosed or occupied by an object.
density The mass per unit volume of an object.
weight The force of gravity acting on the matter in an object.
pure substance A material made of only one kind of element or compound.
element A pure substance that consists of atoms with the same atomic number.
compound A pure substance consisting of atoms of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a fixed ratio.
mixture A physical combination of two or more substances in a changeable ratio.
heterogeneous mixture A mixture that does not have a uniform appearance since the combined substances are unevenly distributes.
homogeneous mixture A mixture that has a uniform appearance throughout; also known as a solution, especially of a solid dissolved in a liquid.
solid The state of matter in which particles vibrate in fixed positions, giving a substance a fixed shape and volume.
liquid The state of matter in which particles are close together but able to move around.
gas The state of matter in which particles are far apart, move rapidly, and have little interaction with each other.
plasma A gas like state of matter , formed at very high temperatures, that consists of high energy ions and free electrons.
physical property Anything about a substance that can be observed or measured without altering its chemical composition.
physical change Any change in matter that does not alter its chemical or nuclear composition.
chemical change A change that alters the chemical composition of a substance.
chemical property A property of a substance that describes how its chemical identity changes in the presence of another substance or under certain conditions.
melting The change of state from a solid to a liquid.
melting point The temperature at which a solid turns to a liquid.
freezing The change of state from a liquid to a solid.
vaporization The change of state from a liquid to a gas.
evaporation The relatively slow form of vaporization in which liquid particles obtain sufficient energy to change to the gaseous state through the random collisions of particles.
boiling The relatively fast form of vaporization in which the energy within a liquid creates higher pressure within the liquid than the air pressure outside the liquid.
boiling point The temperature at which a liquid starts to boil.
law of conservation of matter The law that states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed, but can only change form.
condensation The change of state from a gas to a liquid.
sublimation The change in state directly from a solid to a gas without melting first.
deposition The change in state directly from a gas to a solid without condensing first.
Created by: CoachLeach
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