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CPSYCH CH.3 TST 2021
Mr. Stickler's Cog. Psych. Unit 3 Test studystack flashcards 2021
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the term "attention" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to the concentration of awareness on some phenomenon to the exclusion of other stimuli. |
| Explain what occurs during a "divided - attention task". | In this type of task, the subject tries to pay attention to two or more simultaneous messages, responding appropriately to each message. |
| What is the typical result when a person attempts a "divided - attention task"? | The typical result is that the task speed and accuracy both suffer. |
| What does most research show regarding "multitasking"? | Most research on this shows that the limits of attention, working memory, and long-term memory are strained. This results in poor performance on memory tasks following attempts at this. |
| Explain what occurs during a "selective attention task". | In this type of task, people pay attention to certain kinds of information, while ignoring other ongoing information. |
| List the names of the four (4) "selective attention tasks" described in your textbook. | 1.) Dichotic listening; 2.) The Stroop Effect; 3.) Visual Search; 4.) Saccadic eye movements. |
| How are "dichotic listening" experiments usually conducted? | These types of experiments are usually conducted by having the subject wear headphones that play two different messages. The experimenter asks the subject to listen to - and repeat out loud - one of the two messages. |
| What is the typical outcome of "dichotic listening" experiments? | The typical outcome of these experiments is that the subject is not able to recall much - if any - of the message they are asked to ignore. In fact, they do not even recognize when the language switches from English to German. |
| Briefly explain the "cocktail party effect". | This occurs when a person notices when someone says their name in a room crowded with other people having conversations even if they are paying close attention to the conversation they are having. |
| Briefly explain the "Stroop Effect". | This occurs when people take a long time to name the ink color when that color is used to spell an incongruent word. EX: They have a hard time stating that red ink was used to write the word "green". |
| Briefly explain what occurs during "emotional Stroop Effect" experiments. | During these experiments, subjects are asked to name the ink color of words that could have a strong emotional significance to them. |
| Give one (1) example of how the "emotional Stroop Effect" works. | People who are afraid of spiders have a hard time naming the ink color of printed words such as "crawl". |
| What occurs during "visual search"? | During this selective-attention task, the observer must find a target in a visual display that has a number of "distractors". |
| What does the term "saccadic eye movement" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to very rapid eye movement from one spot to the next while performing tasks such as reading and "visual search" tasks. |
| What is the "orienting attention network" generally responsible for? | This attention network is responsible for the kind of attention required for visual search in which you must "shift your attention around to various spatial locations". |
| What is the "executive attention network" generally responsible for? | This attention network is responsible for the kind of attention we use when a task focuses on conflict. EX: the cognitive conflict we experience during the Stroop Effect. |
| What does the term "consciousness" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to our awareness of our own mental processes such as thoughts, feelings, and sensations. |
| What does the term "thought suppression" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to what occurs when people try to eliminate the thoughts, ideas, and images that are related to an undesirable stimulus. |
| What does the term "blindsight" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to a condition in which an individual with a damaged visual cortex claims not to see an object, but they can accurately report some aspects of that object (EX: it's location). |
| What does research on "blindsight" suggest? | This research suggests that visual information must pass through the primary visual cortex in order to be registered in consciousness. |
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