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Serotonin
Chapter 6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Tryptophan Hydroxylase | converts tryptophan to 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) |
| Aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) | converts 5-HTP to 5-HT (serotonin) |
| TPH2 | expressed by serotonergic neurons |
| TPH1 | expressed by 5-HT- secreting cells in the gut and melatonin-secreting cells in the pineal gland |
| Serotonin Synthesis | can be stimulated by giving an animal a large dose of tryptophan or 5-HTP |
| Insulin | stimulates uptake of amino acids, except tryptophan |
| Para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) | blocks 5-HT synthesis by irreversibly inhibiting tryptophan hydroxylase |
| Para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) | used to help determine role of 5-HTP in behavioral functions |
| Vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2) | transports Serotonin in vesicles |
| Reserpine (VMAT blocker) | depletes 5-HT, which is broken down when not protected in vesicles |
| Terminal autoreceptors | inhibits 5-HT release |
| Somatodendritic autoreceptors | indirectly inhibit release by slowing the rate of neuron firing |
| Para-chloroamphetamine | mainly used experimentally |
| Fenfluramine | prescribed for appetite suppression in obese patients |
| 3,4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) | a recreational drug |
| Ecstasy | Also known as MDMA |
| 5-HT transporter or SERT | removes 5-HT by the synaptic cleft via reuptake |
| Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) | blocks transporters. Example "Fluoxetine" (Prozac) |
| 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) | breakdown of 5-HT |
| WAY 100635 | 5-HT1A receptor antagonist |
| 5-HT2A receptors | large number in the cortex |
| 5-Ht 2a agonist | 1-(2/5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2aminopropane (DOI) |
| 5-HT2a antagonists | Ketanserion & ritanser |
| Hallucinogenic (hallucination-producing) | DOI & related drugs in humans |
| Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) | stimulate 5-HT2A receptors |
| Clozapine (clozaril) & Risperiodne (Risperdal) | blocks 5-HT2A receptors and D2 dopamine receptors. used to treat schizophrenia with fewer side effects |
| Sumatriptan (Imitrex) & Zolmitriptan (Zomig) | 5-HT 1B/1D that causes constriction of the vessels, which eases pain |
| Ondanserton (Zogran), granisetron (kytril) & palonoserton (Aloxi) | 5-HT3 antagonists that are used to treat nausea |
| Serotonin deficiency hypothesis | proposes that low CNS serotonergix activity is associalted with hyperaggressiveness |
Created by:
Ciera9105
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