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Chapter 6 Pet/Wit
Chemical Reactions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Reactants | Substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction |
| Product | Substance that forms in a chemical reaction |
| Chemical energy | The energy released when a chemical compound reacts to produce new compounds |
| Exothermic reaction | A chemical reaction in which heat is released to the surroundings |
| Endothermic | A chemical reaction that requires heat |
| Signs of chemical reaction | Different properties, a color change,formation of a gas or a solid precipitate, or transfer of energy |
| Synthesis reaction A + B = AB | Reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound |
| Decomposition reaction AB = A + B | A single compound breaks down to form simpler substances |
| Electrolysis | An electric current is used to produce a chemical reaction, such as decomposition of water |
| Combustion reaction | The oxidation reaction of an organic compound, in which heat is released |
| Single-displacement reaction AX + B = BX + A | One element or radical takes the place of another element or radical in a compound |
| Double-displacement reactions | Ions appear to be exchanged between compounds |
| Redox reactions | Electrons are transferred |
| Chemical equations | Summarize reactions |
| Mole ratios | Allow you to calculate the mass of the reactant |
| Factors affecting reaction speed | Higher temperatures,large surface area, concentrated solutions, higher pressure, enzymes |
| Le Chatelier’s principle | Predicts changes in equilibrium |
| Conservation of mass | Mass stays the same in a chemical reaction |
| Exothermic reactions | Produce an increase in temperature |
| Radicals | Pieces of molecules that have one or more electrons available for bonding |
| A balanced chemical equation | The mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products |
| Inhibitors | Catalysts that slow reactions |
| Catalysts | Can speed up, slow down a reaction, and can be reused |
| Equilibrium | When a chemical reaction and its reverse occur at the same time and rate |
| Light energy | The energy source for photosynthesis |
| Coefficients | The numbers before a chemical |
| Subscripts | The little number after a chemical |
| Decomposition reaction | Digestion |
| Oxygen | Used to make reactants burn in a combustion reaction |
Created by:
dltn_petrysz
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