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Y9 Matter/Separating
definitions for matter topic part 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Chromatography | A technique used to separate small amounts of soluble substances in a mixture. |
| Chemical | General name for the ‘stuff’ that makes up all materials |
| Chemical change | Permanent changes where new substances are formed |
| Chemical properties | Characteristics of a substance that relate to how a substance reacts with other substances |
| Compound | Substance formed by joining atoms of different elements together |
| Crystallization | The method by which crystals are formed, when the solute comes out of a saturated solution. |
| Dissolve | When two or more substances mix completely. Element Substances made up from atoms all of the same type e.g. gold, carbon, oxygen |
| Evaporation | Change of state from liquid to gas; it can be used to separate a solute from a solvent. |
| Filtering | A way of separating a solid from a liquid using a filter. |
| Insoluble | Will not dissolve in a particular solvent |
| Mixture | Consists of two or more substances that are not chemically joined together; usually easily separated. |
| Molecule | group of two or more non-metal atoms joined together by chemical bonds |
| physical change | A change that only involves a substance changing its state, no new substance is formed |
| Physical properties | Characteristics of a substance, such as colour, melting point, electrical conductivity |
| Pure Substances | A substance made up of single particles, not mixed with anything else |
| Saturated solution | Solution containing as much of a dissolved substance as is possible at a particular temperature |
| Separation | Using physical properties of substances found in a mixture to get back the individual substances. |
| Solubility | A measure of how much substance dissolved in (eg.) each 100g of solvent. |
| Soluble | Able to dissolve in a liquid |
| Solute Substance | that dissolves in a solvent to form a solution |
| Solution | The mixture that is formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent. |
| Solvent | Substance that can dissolve other substances in it; water is the commonest solvent |
| decanting | separating a liquid from a solid using a rod or lid. This keeps the solid behind and allows the liquid to drain through. |
| centrifuging | separating a solid from a liquid using a spinning motion, so the solid falls to the bottom and the liquid can be decanted off. |
| distillation | separating different liquids based on their different boiling points, and then condensing them to collect the liquid. |
| sieving | separating a bigger solid from another smaller solid using different sized holes. |
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kjsime
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