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Law Vocab *

D - O

QuestionAnswer
defendant accused in a criminal case; the person from whom $ or other recovery is sought in a civil case
defense attorney the lawyer who represents the accused person
deliberation the jury's decision-making process after hearing the evidence, closing arguments, and instruction to the jury
delinquency the commission of an illegal act by a juvenile
deposition the testimony of a witness taken under oath outside of court
detain stopping a person briefly to inquire, question, or conduct a reasonable investigation
direct examination the questioning of a witness by the attorney for the party on whose behalf the witness is called
discovery the process by which parties to an action are allowed to gain relevant information known to the toher party prior to the trial
diversion a process for handling a insignificant juvenile violation informally. Continuance of a case for a period of time and dimissal of it if conditions are met
due process the method for determining whether a person is guilty, incorporating rules which protect an individual's rights
en banc a full court. Many appellate courts sit in part or as a committee rather than using the full contingent of judges that are on the court
evidence present in court to prove or disprove an allegation
exclusionary rule evidence which was obtained illegally and cannot be used in a criminal trial against a defendant
exclusive jurisdiction the matter can only be filed in one court
exhibit objects presented in court to prove the facts of a case
extradition the surrender of an accused or fugitive from one jurisdiction to another
fine a sum of money paid as part of a penalty or conviction for a particular offense
grand jury 12 - 23 citizens who hear evidence to decide whether a defendant should be held for a felony trial
guilty convicted of an offense/culpable
habeas corpus a court order to have a prisoner released if he is being held illegally
hearsay second-hand evidence
hung jury a jury unable to reach a verdict as required by law
incarceration confinement in a jail or prison
incriminate to imply the guilt of an individual
indictment an accusation made by a grand jury that the accused has violated a law
information (complaint) a document charging an individual with the commission of a crime
irrelevant evidence not sufficiently related to the matter at issue
judge a person appointed to hear and decide questions of law in court cases and to make certain that fair procedures are used
judgment the official decision of a court
jurisdiction the legal authority of a court to hear a case or condcut other proceedings
jury a group of qualified people who hear the evidence in a trial and give a verdict
jury trial a trial in which a group of citizens listens to the evidence presented in a court and gives its verdict
liability a legal responsibility, obligation, or debt
mens rea a guilty mind, the intent required to commit the crime
mistrial a trial which is void due to an error
motion a request presented to the court in legal form
negligence failure to exercise the care that a responsible person would
nolo contendere a plea in a criminal case which is similar to a guilty plea, except the defendant does not admit having committed the crime
oath the swearing before the court that you will tell the truth or decide the case fairly
original jurisdiction the court in which a matter must first be filed
objection a party claim that the witness, the question, evidence, etc. is improper and should not be allowed
Created by: Tiffastic
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