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PharmMod1
39 key terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Absorption | The process by which a drug is taken into the body and moves from the site of administration into the blood. |
| Adverse Effect | Undesired, potentially harmful side effects of drugs. |
| Agonist | drugs that bind to or have an attraction for a receptor and cause a particular reaction. |
| Antagonist | drugs that bind to a receptor and prevent a response. |
| Bioavailability | the degree to which the drug molecule reaches the site of action to exert its effects. |
| Biotechnology | a process that allows scientists to produce proteins from bacteria - proteins previously available only from animals. |
| Biotransformation | a process by which the chemical composition of a drug is changed. (e.g. metabolism) Goal being to change lipid-soluble drug molecules into water-soluble molecules |
| Bolus | entire dose of medication given all at once |
| Contraindication | condition when the use of a given medication should be avoided |
| Distribution | Process in which the circulatory system transports a drug throughout the body and drug molecules eventually diffuse out of the bloodstream to the site of action. |
| Duration | Time between onset and disappearance of drug effects. |
| Emulsion | Medication contained in a mixture of water and oil bound together with an emulsifier. |
| Enteral | Pertaining to the intestinal tract. |
| Excretion | Process of elimination of drug molecules from the body; usually by the urinary system. |
| Hypersensitivity | Allergic response resulting from previous exposure to the drug or a similar drug; a type of adverse effect to a drug. |
| Idiosyncratic effect | Rare and unpredictable adverse effects of some drugs on individuals in which the mechanism of the effect may not be known or clearly understood. |
| Indication | Reason a medication is used to treat a condition. |
| Local effect | Medication acts at the site of application. |
| Onset | Time between administration of a drug and the first appearance of effects. |
| Parenteral | Pertaining to any drug administration route other than the intestinal tract |
| Pharmacodynamics | Study of how drug actions affect the body. |
| Pharmacokinetics | Study of how the body processes drugs. |
| Plasma protein binding | Process in which some drug molecules attach to proteins (albumins and globulins) contained in blood plasma. |
| Reconstituted | Mixing a powder with a liquid to form a solution. |
| Side effect | Predictable but unintended effect of a drug. |
| Solubility | Characteristic indicating how easily a drug can be dissolved in a fluid. |
| Solution | Mixture of drug particles fully dissolved in a liquid. |
| Suspension | Mixture of undissolved drug particles floating in a liquid. |
| Synergist | Drug that enhances the effect of another drug. |
| Systemic effect | Medication acts throughout the body. |
| Topical | Pertaining to a surface; drug administration route applied to the skin or a mucous membrane–lined cavity. |
| Controlled Substances | Medication with the potential to be misused or abused, controlled by the Drug Enforcement Administration, and given a classification/schedule. |
| Narcotics | Term for a controlled substance that depresses the central nervous system for pain control and has the potential to become habit-forming. |
| DEA | Drug Enforcement Administration |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration; agency that regulates the pharmaceutical industry. |
| The Joint Commission | Organization that evaluates and accredits health care organizations and programs in the United States. |
| OTC | Term used for over-the-counter medication that does not require a prescription. |
| PDR | Physicians’ Desk Reference. Reference that provides information on medications used in medical and surgical practice. |
| USP-NF | United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary. Two different official national lists of approved medications. |