Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
ch 1-4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Experimental group | test subjects who were selected to participate in an experiment |
| Researcher Bias | whenever there is a flaw in a survey’s research design |
| Behavior | what can be observed |
| Structuralism | inside the mind-asking what is there? |
| Functionalism | focuses on adaptation the "why" |
| Natural Selection/Evolutionary Perspective | process in where only the strong survive |
| Biological Perspective | focus on brain and nervous system |
| Behavioral Perspective | all behavior was determined by stimuli in the environment |
| Mental Processes | thoughts, feelings, motives we have privately cannot be observed |
| psychodynamic process | Emphasizes unconscious thought, conflict between biological drives like sex, societies demand early family experiences. |
| Cognitive perspective | that focuses on mental processes, perception, and language as a way of explaining and understanding human behavior. |
| Humanistic Perspective | typically holds that people are inherently good, and encourages the viewing of the self as a "whole person" instead of the sum of one's parts. It encourages self-exploration as opposed to the study of behavior in other people. |
| Socio-cultural perspective | the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings and thus behaviors are influenced by actual, implied or imagined presence of others and the environment around them. |
| safe s's ****STAR | SOME- overgeneralizations SUGGEST- nothing is 100% |
| Theory | formed idea |
| Hypothesis | educated guess of outcome |
| Descriptive research | defined as a research method that describes the characteristics of the population or phenomenon that is being studied. the "what" |
| Correlational research | tells about the relationship between variables |
| experiment | a scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact. |
| Independent variable | a variable (often denoted by x) whose variation does not depend on that of another. |
| dependent variable | a variable (often denoted by y) whose value depends on that of another. |
| control group | The control group plays an important role in the research process by giving researchers something with which to compare the experimental group |
| research participant bias | individuals involved in an experiment act or respond in ways they believe correspond with what the researchers are looking for |
| informed concent | ensures that a patient, client, and research participants are aware of all the potential risks and costs involved in a treatment or procedure |
| neuron | nerve cell, is an electrically excitable cell that communicates with other cells via specialized connections called synapses |
| afferent nerves | messages arrive |
| efferent nerves | messages exit |
| neural networks | artifical network or mathematical model for information processing based on how neurons and synapses work in the human brai |
| sympathetic nervous system | fight or flight |
| parasympathetic nervous system | calms the body |
| complexity | orchestration of brain that allow you to read, think, dance etc. |
| integration | putting the information together |
| neurotransmitters | chemical substances |
| acetylcholine | help engage muscle action, learning, memory damage-acoma |
| GABA gamma-amino-butyric-acid | Brake pedal,tells neurons to STOP lowers anxiety |
| Glutamate | tells neurons to FIRE Excess- memory, schizophrenic , anxiety, depression |
| NE norepinephrine | activated under stress, not enough depression, too much manic sympathetic system |
| Dopamine DA ****** STAR | reward pleasure/ what we eat do- makes us feel good, no dopamine-no life/mice died. IMPORTANT |
| serotonin- 5-HT | Happy chemical - low= depression high=violent aggressive behavior, mood stabilizer!!!!!!! 90% serotonin comes from food! |
| edorphins | Natural Pain killers |
| Oxytocin | love & bonding- uterine contractions bfeed and labor |
| limbic system | set of brain structures including the hippocampus and amygdala and anterior thalamic nuclei and a limbic cortex that support a variety of functions including emotion, behavior and long term memory. |
| hippocampus | memory |
| amygdala | fear and discrimination for organisms survival |
| cerebellum | motor coordination |
| medulla | breathing and reflexes |
| pons | sleep and arousal |
| nature vs nurture | Nature is often defined in this debate as genetic or hormone-based behaviors, while nurture is most commonly defined as environment and experience. |
| genotype | what u inherited-genotype of an organism is the genetic code in its cells |
| phenotype | visible or expressed trait, such as hair color- what u look like outside- also be enviromental |
| hypothalamus | eating, drinking, sex- plays role emotion and stress |
| mirror neurons | sparks brain activity in the same place as when we are watching someone else doing the activity |
| dominant-recessive gene principle | if one gene of a pair is dominant and the other is recessive, the dominant gene exerts its effect, overriding the potential influence of the recessive gene |
| electrochemical transmission- | start as electro change to neurotransmitter |
| synaptic transmission | 1.electric impulse is converted into chemical 2.axon release into neuro trans gap 3. dendrite receptor site detects neuro then restart |
| adaptability/plasticity | change in the brains neural structure to enable adjustment to experience, to compensate for lost function and also to maximize remaining functions in the event of brain injur |
| mri | Magnetic resonance imaging is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body |
| CT-cat scan | Computed tomography- produces multiple images or pictures of the inside of the body. The cross-sectional images generated during a CT scan can be reformatted in multiple planes, and can even generate three-dimensional images. |
| PET | sugar an image made using positron emission tomography, especially one of the brain. |
| fmri | Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow |
| lobes of brain | occipital, frontal, temporal, parietal |
| Occipital brain lobe | eyes/vision |
| frontal brain lobe | intelligence, decisions, personality |
| temporal lobe brain | hearing speech language memory |
| parietal brain lobe | balance, spatial location |
| sensation | what we feel/smell/see/taste hear |
| perception | interpretation of sensation |
| bottom up | related to sensation- new experinece |
| top-down | related to perception- past experience |
| sensory receptors- | photorecetoption, mechanoreception and chemoreceoption |
| photoreceoption | vision/eyesight |
| mechanoreceopetion | touch hearing VIBRATION |
| chemoreception | smell and taste |
| noise | anything that disrupts- sounds/stress/worries |
| absolute threshold | smallest amount of intensity from a stimulus that is detected by a person's senses 50% time |
| difference threshold | minimum difference in stimulation that a person can detect 50 percent of the time |
| subliminal perception | Subliminal messages and perception are linked to the idea of mind contro |
| webers law | 2 stimuli must differ by constant proportion to be conceived as different low levels stimulation- small changes can be noticed, large levels stimulation large simulation to notice |
| signal detection theory | approach to perception that focuses on decisions making in times of uncertainty |
| sensory adaption | ability to adapt to sensations- like freezing pool |
| perceptual set | readiness to perceive something in a particular way |
| figure-ground relationship | organize perceptual field into stimuli that stand out |
| apartment movement | stationary object appears to be moving |
| inattentional blindness | failure to detect unexpected events when attention is engaged on a task |
| sustained attention | ability to maintain focus on selected task for prolonged time |
| executive attention | involves planning, error detection, planning goals monitoring progress on tasks, dealing with novel or difficult tasks |
| stream of consciousness- | beliefs, thoughts values environment condition switch through them-think...do...feel |
| awareness | know you exists, know where you are know u have thoughts and feelings |
| arousal | physiological state of engagement |
| anterior cingulate | part of the brain associate with will power |
| think-feel-do process | think of something...feeling it/plan it...do it |
| unconscious thought | teeth brushing, reaching for drink.. automatic process |
| biological rhythms | periodic physiological function, not aware they are happening |
| circadian rhythms | biological process of sleep/wake |
| REM sleep | rapid eye movement, dream state -the end of sleep |
| insomnia | condition where you cant sleep |
| narcolopsy | condition where u fall asleep |
| sleep apnea | stop breathing in sleep |
| .subconscious awareness | incubation, step back and come back with answer |
| tolerance | build up where you need more of the drug |
| physical dependence | withdrawal you feel, shakes, aches etc |
| lower level consciousness********************* | .automatic processing- daydreaming, rumination (personal cannot get rid of bad event) and fantasy |
| neurotransmitters involved with sleep | norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT |
| psychological dependence | feeling like u need it, cravings, anxiety |
| depressents slow down mental and physical activity | alcohol, benzos, tranqulizers and opiates- pain relief, anxiety sleep issue- trouble breathing death, -high addiction |
| stimulants-increase CNS activity********** uppers | CAFFINE***** NICOTINE -high abuse!! amphetamines, cocaine, Ecstasy MDMA alert, excitable euphoric,, OD brain damage memory, heart prblems insomnia death |
| hallucinogens modify perceptual experiences | lsd, marijuana... time distortion, strong hallucinations, OD fatiguq mental disturbance - LOW risk |
| beta waves wake w | high frequency patterns reflect concentration and alertness |
| alpha waves wake w | low frequency- drowsy relaxed |
| theta waves | try to sleep/drowsy, feeling like falling0 |
| delta waves | 3/4 surgery, knocked out- if jump on u wont wake up! |
| preconscious- PCS | all things that are brought out to talk about easily! |
| repressed | all things try to hide- psychologist goal is to get these out and work through them |
| higher level consciousness ****************** | requires deep thinking- alert |
| alerted state of consciousness | meditation, drug, hypnosis |
| suprachiasmatic nucleus - sir-prac-TEE-smatic / SCM **** | regulation of physiological circadian rhythms |
| theories of dreams- Freud | manifest- dream content and latent- dream meaning |
| theories of dreams- activation-synthesis | occurs when cerebral cortex synthetizes neuro activity from the lower part of the brain dreams result from the brains attempt to find logic in random activity that occurs during sleep |
| theories of dreams- information processing | theory that one can study dreams applying same concepts used in studying waking mind |
| Kinesthetic senses | posture |
| vestibular senses | balance |
Created by:
Aharrissmith
Popular Psychology sets