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Antibiotics

Medication groupMed names and S/E
Antiprotozoals Metronidazole- no ETOH, take with food
Penicillins Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Ampicillin, Ticarcillin- take with food
Antiretrovirals Acyclovir, Valacyclovir HCl, Zidovudine- take with food, increase fluid intake, renal & CNS toxicity
Macrolides Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Erythromycin- take with food, ototoxicity, prolonged QT interval, alternative for PCN, can cause CDIF
Antifungals Fluconazole- renal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, keep in fridge, bleeding risk with anticoagulants
Glycopeptides Vancomycin- renal toxicity, ototoxicity, corn allergy, monitor trough levels and vital signs, infuse over 1 hour to prevent red man syndrome
Tetracyclines Doxycycline Calcium, Tetracycline HCl- hepatotoxicity, increase fluid intake, photosensitivity, backup contraception, tooth discoloration peds under 8 years old, no dairy
Sulfonamides Trimethoprim/ Sulfamethoxazole- photosensitivity, increase fluid intake, backup contraception, rash/SJS
Nitrofurantoin renal toxicity, brown discolored urine, tooth staining with liquid or crushed pills, dilute in milk or juice
Fluoroquinolones Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin- hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, caution with seizures, photosensitivity, achilles tendon rupture, GI distress, avoid milk and antacids
Cephalosporins Cephalexin, Cefaclor, Cefotaxime- no ETOH, thrombophlebitis risk- infuse slowly, cross sensitivity with Penicillin, monitor PT/INR, alternative to PCN
Aminoglycosides Gentamicin, Neomycin, Amikacin, Tobramycin, Streptomycin- ototoxicity, renal toxicity, monitor peak and trough levels (Gentamicin level 5-10 therapeutic)
Antimalarials Hydrochloroquine- risk of psoriasis and retinopathy
Antituberculars Isoniazid (INH), Rifampin- no ETOH, renal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, increase intake of foods high in B6, decrease tyramines, Rifampin causes discoloration of urine, saliva, sweat and tears, increased risk of Phenytoin toxicity with INH
Created by: 2845077642186033
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