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Mental Health MOA

Mechanism of action of mental health medications

QuestionAnswerTopic
Ethosuximide Blocks T-Type Calcium channels, abundant on dendrites of neurones. Prevents excessive activity. Epilepsy
Gabapentin Blocks glutamate stimulated Ca channels. Inhibits depolarisation-induced Ca influx at nerve terminals (decreased glutamate release) Epilepsy
Lamotrigine Inhibits glutamate release. Suppresses repetitive neuronal firing by inhibiting sodium channels Epilepsy
Levetiracetam Binds to synaptic vesicular protein SV2A --> alters synaptic neurotransmitter release Epilepsy
Phenytoin Blocks Na+ channels and prolongs inactive state. Reduces synaptic release of glutamate and enhances GABA release. Epilepsy
Sodium Valproate Blocks sodium channels, enhances GABA (by inhibiting the enzyme GABA transaminase) Epilepsy
Tiagabine Inhibits GABA transporter responsible for removing extracellular levels of GABA. --> increased GABA in synapse --> increased inhibitory transmission Epilepsy
Topiramate Blocks sodium channels. Potentiates effects of GABA (distinct binding site on GABA-A receptors Epilepsy
Vigabatrin Irreversible inhibitor of GABA aminotransferase --> Increased levels of GABA released --> enhanced neuronal inhibition Epilepsy
Amitriptyline inhibitor of amine reuptake from the synaptic cleft Mood disorders
Bupropion Noradrenaline/dopamine-reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) Mood disorders
Doxepin Selective H1 receptor blocker Mood disorders
Escitalopram (Lexapro) SSRI Mood disorders
Fluoxetine (Prozac) SSRI Mood disorders
Mirtazipine Exerts effects on alpha adrenergic receptors, along with 5HT receptors and H1 receptors Mood disorders
Paroxetine (Paxil) SSRI Mood disorders
Phenelzine MAOI Mood disorders
Sertraline (Zoloft) SSRI Mood disorders
Tranlycypromine MAOI Mood disorders
Trazodone Similar effects to SSRIs with additional effects on H1 receptors and alpha drenergic receptors Mood disorders
Venlafaxine SNRI Mood disorders
Amantadine Antiviral, releasing dopamine from intact dopamine terminals in the striatum Parkinson's
Apomorphine Potent DA receptor agonist Parkinson's
Benzerazide Co-beneldopa: Ldopa with a peripheral dopa decarboxylase inhibitor Parkinson's
Benzotropine Antimuscarinic, block muscarinic cholinergic receptors can be used to alleviate this imbalance of dopamine Parkinson's
Bromocriptine Agonist at D2 receptors, also treats hyperprolactinaemia Parkinson's
Carbidopa Co-careldopa: Ldopa with a peripheral dopa decarboxylase inhibitor Parkinson's
Entacapone COMT inhibitor Parkinson's
L-Dopa Dopamine precursor (pro drug of dopamine) Parkinson's
MPTP Toxin that causes Parkinson's Parkinson's
Orphenadrine Antimuscarinic, block muscarinic cholinergic receptors can be used to alleviate this imbalance Parkinson's
Pergolide Agonist at D1 and D2 receptors Parkinson's
Pramipexole Agonist at D3 receptors Parkinson's
Rasagiline Irreversibel inhibitor of MAO-B , more potent that selegiline Parkinson's
Rivastigmine Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor Parkinson's
Ropinirole Agonist at D2 receptors Parkinson's
Selegiline Irreversible inhibitor of MOA-B Parkinson's
Tolcapone COMT inhibitor Parkinson's
Flupenthixol D1 and D2 receptor powerful antagonist Psychoses
Haloperidol First generation Antipsychotic, High D2 receptor affinity Psychoses
Clozapine Old second generation antipsychotic, with greater affinity for 5HT2 receptors than D2, potent antagonist at D4 Psychoses
Olanzapine Second generation antipsychotic with greater affinity for 5HT2 recpertors than D2, potent antagonist at D5 less risk of agranulocytosis than clozapine Psychoses
Risperidone Second generation Antipsychotic Psychoses
Aripiprazole Second generation Antipsychotic Psychoses
Pericyazine Phenothiazine (group 2) first generation AntiPsych, moderate sedative effects with severe antimuscarinic but fewer extra pyrimidial side effects Psychoses
Pipotiazine Phenothiazine (group 2) first generation AntiPsych, moderate sedative effects with severe antimuscarinic but fewer extra pyrimidial side effects Psychoses
Fluphenazine Phenothiazine (group 3) first generation AntiPsych, fewer sedative and antimuscarinic effects, high extrapyrimidial side effects Psychoses
Prochlorperazine Phenothiazine (group 3) first generation AntiPsych, fewer sedative and antimuscarinic effects, high extrapyrimidial side effects Psychoses
Acamprosate GABA-A agonist & NMDA antagonist alcohol dependence
Reboxitine Selective Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor Mood disorders
Carbamazepine Blocks sodium channels, Decreases neurotransmitter release. Epilepsy
Created by: RossGeraint
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